Caring about ‘brain drain’ migration in a postcolonial world
Caring about ‘brain drain’ migration in a postcolonial world
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关心后殖民世界中的“人才外流”移民
DOI：
10.1016/j.geoforum.2008.03.005
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
P. Raghuram
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Raghuram
卫生专业人员的移徙伴随着政治和道义上激烈的讨论，讨论这种移徙对留在原籍国的人的健康的影响。在英国，长期依赖海外移民来扩充自身人员配置的英国国家医疗服务体系已对批评者做出回应，批评者指责该机构从较贫穷国家“挖走”卫生专业人员，并采取了一系列措施限制卫生工作者的流动。这些措施将卫生工作者的流动权与他们留下的人的健康权对立起来，使研究人才流失的学者陷入困境：我们如何从道德角度思考人才流失移民问题？本文旨在通过探索当前人才流失思维中所运用的空间和时间本体论来解决这个问题。它探讨了这些本体论如何塑造公共辩论和政策举措，排除了思考卫生工作者流动性的其他方式。它认为，通过从护理伦理和后殖民思维中得出的见解来引导人才流失的话语，将突出标志着医疗劳动力市场的历史跨国联系，以及“医疗工作者”这一类别如何精确地依赖于这种跨国主义。
The migration of health professionals has been accompanied by politically and morally charged discussions on the effect of such migration on the health of those left behind in their countries of origin. In the UK, the National Health Service, which has long been dependent on overseas migrants to bolster its own staffing, has responded to critics accusing it of ‘poaching’ health professionals from poorer countries with a range of measures to limit health worker mobility. These measures counterpose the right to mobility of health workers with the right to health for those they leave behind, posing academics working on brain drain with a quandary: how do we think ethically about brain drain migration? This paper aims to address this question by exploring the spatial and temporal ontologies that are being mobilised in current thinking around the brain drain. It explores how these ontologies shape both public debates and policy initiatives, foreclosing other ways of thinking about health worker mobility. It argues that routing discourses of brain drain through insights drawn from care ethics and postcolonial thinking will highlight the historical transnational connections that mark medical labour markets and how the category ‘medical worker’ is precisely dependent on this transnationalism.