THE DEPTH OF THE SURFACE ZONE OF A LIQUID
THE DEPTH OF THE SURFACE ZONE OF A LIQUID
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DOI：
10.1103/revmodphys.21.322
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发表时间：
1949-01-01
影响因子：
44.1
通讯作者：
HENNIKER, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HENNIKER, JC
作者回顾了有关固体和液体表面附近流体层取向的文献。他分了外。将深部地表定向工作分为三类：（1）直接证据，（2）表面证据，（3）间接证据。“本文没有尝试进行基本的理论处理，不是因为缺乏相关文献，而是因为相信它必须等待exptl的广泛基础被接受。事实作者的结论是：“液体的表面区域不仅仅是一个单分子层，其下是未改变的液体，而是一个取向有效地延伸到许多分子长度的区域。”这个假设来自于对exptl的回顾。这些数据表明，表面区域的物理常数可能不同于本体液体的物理常数，并且在许多情况下，分子取向可以直接观察到相当大的深度。这些数据来自已发表的润滑、流体流动、泡沫、吸附、粘附、电离等研究。表面区域的有效深度在低分子量液体中为数十或数百埃，在长链分子中为数千埃。“这些定向的液体表面层可能在生物系统中具有相当重要的意义。
The author reviews the literature on the orientation of fluid layers near solid and liquid surfaces. He divides the exptl. work on deep surface orientation into 3 categories: (1) direct evidence, (2) prima facie evidence, (3) circumstantial evidence. "A basic theoretical treatment has not been attempted in this paper, not for lack of relevant literature, but in the belief that it must await acceptance of the broad base of exptl. fact." The author concludes that "the surface zone of a liquid is not merely a monomolecular layer with unaltered liquid immediately underneath it, but it is a region in which orientation extends effectively to many molecular lengths. This hypothesis follows from a review of exptl. data that show that physical constants of the surface region may differ from those of the bulk liquid, and that in a number of cases molecular orientation is directly observable to a considerable depth. The data are drawn from published studies of lubrication, fluid flow, foams, adsorption, adhesion, ionization, etc. The effective depth of the surface zone is tens or hundreds of angstroms in low molecular weight liquids, thousands of angstroms in long-chain molecules." These oriented surface layers of liquids probably are of considerable importance in biological systems.