Recent Technology Developments in the Production of Grain‐Oriented Electrical Steel
Recent Technology Developments in the Production of Grain‐Oriented Electrical Steel
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DOI：
10.1002/srin.200506030
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发表时间：
2005-06
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
K. Günther;G. Abbruzzese;S. Fortunati;G. Ligi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Günther;G. Abbruzzese;S. Fortunati;G. Ligi
尽管磁性能不断提高的历史由来已久，但晶粒取向电工钢的进一步发展仍然是工业和联合基础研究的一个令人兴奋的领域。如今，研发（R&D）的驱动力一方面是不断提高的质量要求，即更节能的变压器损耗更低，Transformer噪声更小，另一方面是降低制造成本以保持市场竞争力的压力。显然，在过去几年中，后一方面已成为大多数工业研究与发展活动的主要动力。现在，几乎所有的生产商都瞄准了更紧凑、更便宜的生产路线。从正在开发的新技术来看，最先进的商业实现是在1150 - 1300°C范围内应用低板坯再加热温度，而不是在传统工艺中高达1400°C。一种根本性的新方法是薄板坯连铸和直接热轧，用于具有固有加后天抑制剂系统的钢，后者通过氮化冷轧带材形成。这种方法在工业试验中是非常有前途和先进的。缩短工艺的另一种方法是通过双辊法直接从钢熔体中铸造热带钢。在中试生产线测试中，通过优化化学成分、铸造条件和随后的热机械处理，以及使用固有的和获得的抑制剂，实现了良好的冷加工性和良好的磁性能。另一个节省成本和时间的理论潜力是用短时间连续退火代替二次再结晶的箱式退火。这些工艺正在开发中，部分使用特殊的在线程序来实现初级重结晶后的快速抑制剂生成，但今天仍然远离商业实现。
Despite a long history of continuously improved magnetic properties, the further development of grain‐oriented electrical steel is still an exciting field for industrial and joint fundamental research. Today, the driving forces for research and development (R&D) are on one hand increasing quality demands, i.e. still lower losses for more energy‐efficient transformers and less transformer noise, and on the other hand the pressure to reduce manufacturing costs in order to stay competitive on the market. Evidently in the last years, the latter aspect has become the mainspring for most of the industrial R&D activities. Now nearly all producers are aiming at more compact and less expensive production routes. From the new techniques under development, most advanced in commercial realization is the application of low slab reheating temperatures in the range 1150… 1300°C instead of up to 1400°C in the classical processes. A radical new method is thin slab casting and direct hot rolling used for steels with a system of inherent plus acquired inhibitors, the latter formed by nitriding the cold rolled strip. This method is very promising and far advanced in industrial tests. Another way for process shortening is to cast directly the hot strip from the steel melt by a twin‐roll method. In pilot line tests, good cold workability and good magnetic properties have been achieved by optimising chemical composition, casting conditions, and subsequent thermo‐mechanical treatments and by working with inherent plus acquired inhibitors. Another theoretical potential for cost and time saving is to replace box annealing for secondary recrystallization by short‐time continuous annealing. Such processes are under development, partly using special in‐line procedures to realize fast inhibitor creation after primary recrystallization, but are today still far away from commercial realization.