THE APPEARANCE OF H3 INFLUENZA-VIRUSES IN SEALS
THE APPEARANCE OF H3 INFLUENZA-VIRUSES IN SEALS
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DOI：
10.1099/0022-1317-76-1-199
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发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
HINSHAW, VS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CALLAN, RJ;EARLY, G;HINSHAW, VS
在1979-1980年和1982-1983年新英格兰海岸的海豹中发现甲型流感病毒与肺炎流行病相关后，继续监测海豹的甲型流感病毒感染。1991年1月和1992年1月至2月，从马萨诸塞州科德角半岛死于肺炎的海豹中分离出A型流感病毒。抗原表征鉴定出两种H4 N6和三种H3 N3病毒。这是第一次从海豹中分离出H3流感病毒，尽管这种亚型经常在鸟类、猪、马和人类中发现。H3分离株的血凝抑制试验显示出两种不同的抗原反应模式：一种更类似于禽类参考病毒（A/Duck/Ukraine/1/63），一种更类似于人病毒（A/Aichi/2/68）。来自显示不同抗原反应性的两种H3海豹病毒（A/Seal/MA/3911/92和A/Seal/MA/3984/92）的血凝素（HA）基因具有99.7%的相同性，其中4个核苷酸差异导致4个氨基酸差异。系统发育分析表明，这两个序列是密切相关的禽H3病毒，A/野鸭/纽约/6874/78的序列。这表明，包括H3亚型病毒在内的明显源自禽类的甲型流感病毒继续感染海豹。
Surveillance for influenza A virus infection of seals has continued following the association of influenza A virus with epizootics of pneumonia in seals off the New England coast in 1979-1980 and 1982-1983. In January 1991 and January to February 1992, influenza A viruses were isolated from seals that died of pneumonia along the Cape Cod peninsula of Massachusetts. Antigenic characterization identified two H4N6 and three H3N3 viruses. This was the first isolation of H3 influenza viruses from seals, although this subtype is frequently detected in birds, pigs, horses and humans. Haemagglutination inhibition assays of the H3 isolates showed two distinct antigenic reactivity patterns: one more similar to an avian reference virus (A/Duck/Ukraine/1/63) and one more similar to a human virus (A/Aichi/2/68). The haemagglutinin (HA) genes from two of the H3 seal viruses showing different antigenic reactivity (A/Seal/MA/3911/92 and A/Seal/MA/3984/92) were 99.7% identical, with four nucleotide differences accounting for four amino acid differences. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that both of these sequences were closely related to the sequence from the avian H3 virus, A/Mallard/New York/6874/78. This indicates that influenza A viruses of apparent avian origin, including the H3 subtype viruses, continue to infect seals.