Baths Salts, Spice, and Related Designer Drugs: The Science Behind the Headlines
Baths Salts, Spice, and Related Designer Drugs: The Science Behind the Headlines
复制标题
DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.3223-14.2014
复制
发表时间：
2014-11-12
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Wiley, Jenny L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baumann, Michael H.;Solis, Ernesto, Jr.;Wiley, Jenny L.
被称为“特制药物”或“新精神活性物质”的合成精神活性物质的滥用正在以惊人的速度增加。毒品是作为传统非法药物滥用的替代品购买的，其制造是为了规避管制受管制物质销售和使用的法律。合成卡西酮（即，“浴盐”）和合成大麻素（即，“香料”）是已经受到媒体大量关注的两种类型的香料。虽然低剂量的浴盐或香料化合物可以产生理想的效果，但高剂量或长期暴露通常会导致危险的医疗后果，包括精神病，暴力行为，心动过速，体温过高，甚至死亡。尽管抗抑郁药很受欢迎，但关于这些药物的科学数据却很少。在这里，我们提供了一个简短的最新审查描述的作用机制和神经生物学作用的合成卡西酮和大麻素。
The abuse of synthetic psychoactive substances known as "designer drugs," or " new psychoactive substances" (NPS), is increasing at an alarming rate. NPS are purchased as alternatives to traditional illicit drugs of abuse and are manufactured to circumvent laws regulating the sale and use of controlled substances. Synthetic cathinones (i.e., "bath salts") and synthetic cannabinoids (i.e., "spice") are two types of NPS that have received substantial media attention. Although low recreational doses of bath salts or spice compounds can produce desirable effects, high doses or chronic exposure often leads to dangerous medical consequences, including psychosis, violent behaviors, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and even death. Despite the popularity of NPS, there is a paucity of scientific data about these drugs. Here we provide a brief up-to-date review describing the mechanisms of action and neurobiological effects of synthetic cathinones and cannabinoids.