EFFECT OF SWIM EXERCISE TRAINING ON HUMAN-MUSCLE FIBER FUNCTION
EFFECT OF SWIM EXERCISE TRAINING ON HUMAN-MUSCLE FIBER FUNCTION
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1989.66.1.465
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
GARDETTO, PR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FITTS, RH;COSTILL, DL;GARDETTO, PR
本研究探讨了一个典型的大学游泳训练计划和强化10天的训练期的峰值张力（Po），负对数摩尔Ca 2+浓度（pCa）-力，最大缩短速度（Vmax）的慢缩I型和快缩II型纤维的三角肌。在10周的时间里，游泳运动员的平均成绩为4,266 .+-。264米/天游泳间歇性前爬，踢，或拉。训练计划诱导线粒体标记酶柠檬酸合酶几乎增加了两倍。单纤维的Po不受训练和10天强化训练的影响，Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型纤维的Po（kg.cm ~ 2）无显著性差异。II型纤维直径明显大于I型纤维（94 ±. 4vs. 80 .+-. 2 μ m），并且尽管纤维直径不受训练的影响，但是10天的强化训练显著降低了II型纤维直径。来自受过训练的游泳者的I型纤维显示pCa-力曲线向右移动，使得需要更高的游离Ca 2+水平来引出给定百分比的Po（对于值<0.5Po）。激活阈值（pCa）的紧张发作和pCa需要引起一半的最大张力没有改变的培训中的任何纤维类型。与I型纤维相比，II型纤维中的纤维Vmax（通过松弛测试测量）高五倍（4.85 ± 0.95）。0.50相对于0.86 ± 0.86。0.004纤维长度/s）。10天的强化训练使II型纤维的Vmax进一步显著降低。停训一段时间后，两种纤维类型的Vmax恢复到对照水平。前速度的关系没有显着改变，在任何纤维类型的游泳训练，但是，强化训练显着压低II型纤维的速度在所有负载的研究。运动训练时Vmax的变化可能是由运动诱导的慢纤维中快肌球蛋白和快纤维中慢肌球蛋白的表达来解释的。
This study examined the effect of a typical collegiate swim-training program and an intensified 10-day training period on the peak tension (Po), negative log molar Ca2+ concentration (pCa)-force, and maximal shortening speed (Vmax) of the slow-twitch type I and fast-twitch type II fibers of the deltoid muscle. Over a 10-wk period, the swimmers averaged 4,266 .+-. 264 m/day swimming intermittent bouts of front crawl, kicking, or pulling. The training program induced an almost twofold increase in the mitochondrial marker enzyme citrate synthase. Po of the single fibers was not altered by either the training or 10-day intensive trainign programs, and no significant differences were observed in th Po (kg.cm2) of type I compared with the type II fibers. The type II fiber diameters were significantly larger than the type I fibers (94 .+-. 4 vs. 80 .+-. 2 .mu.m), and although fiber diameters were unaffected by the training, the 10-day intensive training signficantly reduced the type II fiber diameter. The type I fibers from the trained swimmers showed pCa-force curves shifted to the right such that higher free Ca2+ levels were required to elicit a given percent of Po (for values < 0.5 Po). The activation threshold (pCa) for the onset of tension and the pCa required to elicit one-half maximal tension were not altered by the training in either fiber type. Fiber Vmax (measured by the slack test) was fivefold higher in type II compared with type I fibers (4.85 .+-. 0.50 vs. 0.86 .+-. 0.004 fiber lengths/s). The 10 days of intensified training produced a further significant decrease in the Vmax of the type II fibers. After a period of detraining, the Vmax of the both fiber types returned to the control level. The fore-velocity relation was not significantly altered in either fiber type by the swim training; however, the intensified training significantly depressed the velocity of the type II fiber at all loads studied. The Vmax changes with exercise training are likely explained by an exercise-induced expression of fast myosin in slow fibers and slow myosin in fast fibers.