Getting Inside Accountability: Lessons from Chicago
Getting Inside Accountability: Lessons from Chicago
复制标题
深入问责：芝加哥的教训
DOI：
10.1353/urb.2003.0009
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
B. Jacob
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Jacob
在可预见的未来，学校问责制将主导这个国家的教育格局。NCLB要求各州每年对所有三至八年级的学生进行阅读和数学测试，并报告每所学校达到州规定的熟练水平的学生百分比。结果必须按贫困、种族、民族、残疾和英语水平有限等因素进行分类。学校将被要求根据一份时间表，每年提高达到这些目标的学生比例，以确保到2014年所有学生都能精通英语。如果学校不能取得“足够的年度进步”，它们可能会受到越来越严厉的干预，最终导致学校关闭或重建。尽管联邦立法在范围上更为全面，但它类似于近年来许多州和学区采取的政策。虽然关于问责制政策如何影响学生成绩、辍学率和其他结果的研究越来越多，但关于问责制政策运作机制的证据却很少。支持者认为，高风险的考试将导致教师和学生更努力地学习，增加家长的参与，并
school accountability will dominate the educational landscape in this country for the foreseeable future. NCLB requires states to test all children in grades three to eight in reading and mathematics in each year and report the percentage of students meeting state-defined proficiency levels in each school. Results must be broken down by poverty, race, ethnicity, disability, and limited English proficiency. Schools will be required to raise the proportion of students meeting these targets each year according to a schedule that ensures that all students are proficient by 2014. If schools fail to make “adequate yearly progress,” they may be subject to increasingly severe interventions, culminating with the closure or reconstitution of the school. Although it is more comprehensive in scope, the federal legislation resembles policies adopted by a number of states and school districts in recent years. While there is a growing body of research on how accountability policies influence student achievement, dropout rates, and other outcomes, there is little evidence on the mechanisms through which accountability policies operate. Proponents contend that high-stakes testing will lead teachers and students to work harder, increase parental involvement, and