Confound, Cause, or Cure: The Effect of Cannabinoids on HIV-Associated Neurological Sequelae.
Confound, Cause, or Cure: The Effect of Cannabinoids on HIV-Associated Neurological Sequelae.
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DOI：
10.3390/v13071242
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发表时间：
2021-06-26
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mironets E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Starr A;Jordan-Sciutto KL;Mironets E
在有效的抗逆转录病毒治疗时代，人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 (HIV) 相关神经认知障碍 (HAND) 的持续存在表明，现代 HIV 神经发病机制至少部分是由不同于病毒生命周期的机制驱动的。 HIV+人群中常见的合并症使识别更微妙的机制变得复杂。常见的混淆之一是药物滥用，大麻是艾滋病毒感染者最常用的精神活性物质。大麻使用的精神作用本身可以模仿，甚至可能放大 HAND 中观察到的认知缺陷；然而，大麻素的神经调节和抗炎特性可能会对抗艾滋病毒引起的兴奋性毒性和神经炎症。在这里，我们通过探索临床观察和临床前体内和体外模型的证据，回顾我们对中枢神经系统中艾滋病毒和大麻素之间相互作用的理解。此外，我们还评论了人类多细胞体外系统的最新进展，这些进展允许对大麻素药理学与这种独特的人类病毒之间的关系进行更多可转化的机制研究。
The persistence of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of effective antiretroviral therapy suggests that modern HIV neuropathogenesis is driven, at least in part, by mechanisms distinct from the viral life cycle. Identifying more subtle mechanisms is complicated by frequent comorbidities in HIV+ populations. One of the common confounds is substance abuse, with cannabis being the most frequently used psychoactive substance among people living with HIV. The psychoactive effects of cannabis use can themselves mimic, and perhaps magnify, the cognitive deficits observed in HAND; however, the neuromodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoids may counter HIV-induced excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation. Here, we review our understanding of the cross talk between HIV and cannabinoids in the central nervous system by exploring both clinical observations and evidence from preclinical in vivo and in vitro models. Additionally, we comment on recent advances in human, multi-cell in vitro systems that allow for more translatable, mechanistic studies of the relationship between cannabinoid pharmacology and this uniquely human virus.
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1400988111
发表时间：
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影响因子：
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