Longitudinal assessment of health-span and pre-death morbidity in wild type Drosophila
Longitudinal assessment of health-span and pre-death morbidity in wild type Drosophila
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DOI：
10.18632/aging.101880
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发表时间：
2019-03-31
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Consoulas, Christos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gaitanidis, Alexandros;Dimitriadou, Agapi;Consoulas, Christos
人类预期寿命的增加伴随着与年龄相关的认知和运动残疾，从而提高了对健康老龄化战略的需求。这需要了解正常衰老和晚年功能表型的生物学。遗传模式生物，如黑腹果蝇，可以帮助识别衰老背后的进化保守机制。对1000多只果蝇的运动表现进行纵向评估，发现与年龄相关的运动表现下降和特定的晚年运动障碍。这允许定义健康和疾病的跨度和评分个别苍蝇的晚年生活质量。与哺乳动物（包括人类）一样，衰退的发作、持续时间、严重程度和进展动力学是异质性的，其特征在于进行性恶化和突然的晚年事件。苍蝇要么在死亡前多天积累残疾而变得越来越无能力，要么在死亡前几个小时才摆脱残疾。这两种晚期生命轨迹都会聚到一个终末期，其特征是在3小时内出现功能崩溃和死亡的典型迹象。果蝇现在可以用来评估生命延长操作的晚年生活质量的背景下。高糖饮食增加寿命和晚年生活质量，而延长寿命的抗氧化剂补充剂对晚年生活质量没有影响或产生负面影响，这取决于基础饮食和性别。
The increase in human life expectancy is accompanied by age-related cognitive and motor disability, thus raising the demand for strategies toward healthy aging. This requires understanding the biology of normal aging and late-life functional phenotypes. Genetic model organisms, such as Drosophila melanogaster, can help identifying evolutionary conserved mechanisms underlying aging. Longitudinal assessment of motor performance of more than 1000 individual flies revealed age-related motor performance decline and specific late-life motor disabilities. This allows defining heath- and ill-span and scoring late-life quality of individual flies. As in mammals, including humans, onset, duration, severity, and progression dynamics of decline are heterogenic and characterized by both, progressive worsening and sudden late-life events. Flies either become increasingly incapacitated by accumulating disability over multiple days prior to death, or they escape disability until few hours prior to death. Both late-life trajectories converge into a terminal stage characterized by stereotypical signs of functional collapse and death within 3 hours. Drosophila can now be used to evaluate life prolonging manipulations in the context of late-life quality. High sugar diet increases lifespan and late-life quality, whereas lifespan prolonging antioxidant supplementation has either no, or negative effects on late-life quality, depending on base diet and gender.