De-Ossifying the Internet Transport Layer: A Survey and Future Perspectives
De-Ossifying the Internet Transport Layer: A Survey and Future Perspectives
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DOI：
10.1109/comst.2016.2626780
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
35.6
通讯作者：
Giorgos Papastergiou;G. Fairhurst;David Ros;A. Brunstrom;Karl-Johan Grinnemo;Per Hurtig;Naeem Khademi;M. Tüxen;M. Welzl;D. Damjanović;Simone Mangiante
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giorgos Papastergiou;G. Fairhurst;David Ros;A. Brunstrom;Karl-Johan Grinnemo;Per Hurtig;Naeem Khademi;M. Tüxen;M. Welzl;D. Damjanović;Simone Mangiante
人们普遍认为，互联网传输层已经变得僵化，进一步的发展已经变得困难，甚至是不可能的。这是阻碍新传输的部署的中间盒的无处不在的部署的直接结果，并且由于通常呈现给应用的应用编程接口（API）的有限灵活性而进一步恶化。为了解决这个问题，在文献中已经提出了各种各样的解决方案，每一个都旨在解决一个特定的方面。然而，还没有出现能够实现传输层演进的单一提案。在本文中，在概述了运输层骨化的主要问题和原因后，我们调查了提出的解决方案，并讨论了它们的潜力和局限性。该调查分为五个部分，每个部分涵盖问题空间不同方面的一组点解决方案：1）设计防中间盒传输; 2）促进中间盒穿越的信号发送; 3）增强应用程序之间的API和传输层; 4）发现和利用端到端功能;以及5）启用用户空间协议栈。在此分析的基础上，我们确定了进一步的开发需求，以实现整体解决方案。我们认为，一个全面的传输层框架的发展，能够促进专业化的解决方案的集成和合作，在一个独立的应用程序和灵活的方式，是一个必要的步骤，使互联网传输架构真正的演变。为此，我们确定了这样一个框架的要求，并为其发展提供见解。
It is widely recognized that the Internet transport layer has become ossified, where further evolution has become hard or even impossible. This is a direct consequence of the ubiquitous deployment of middleboxes that hamper the deployment of new transports, aggravated further by the limited flexibility of the application programming interface (API) typically presented to applications. To tackle this problem, a wide range of solutions have been proposed in the literature, each aiming to address a particular aspect. Yet, no single proposal has emerged that is able to enable evolution of the transport layer. In this paper, after an overview of the main issues and reasons for transport-layer ossification, we survey proposed solutions and discuss their potential and limitations. The survey is divided into five parts, each covering a set of point solutions for a different facet of the problem space: 1) designing middlebox-proof transports; 2) signaling for facilitating middlebox traversal; 3) enhancing the API between the applications and the transport layer; 4) discovering and exploiting end-to-end capabilities; and 5) enabling user-space protocol stacks. Based on this analysis, we then identify further development needs toward an overall solution. We argue that the development of a comprehensive transport layer framework, able to facilitate the integration and cooperation of specialized solutions in an application-independent and flexible way, is a necessary step toward making the Internet transport architecture truly evolvable. To this end, we identify the requirements for such a framework and provide insights for its development.