Experimental evidence for circular inference in schizophrenia.
Experimental evidence for circular inference in schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms14218
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发表时间：
2017-01-31
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Denève S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jardri R;Duverne S;Litvinova AS;Denève S
精神分裂症（SCZ）是一种复杂的精神障碍，可能导致幻觉、妄想和思维混乱的结合。在这里，SCZ患者和健康对照（ctl）报告了他们对操纵感官证据和先验信息强度的强迫选择任务的信心水平。这两组人的反应都不能用简单的贝叶斯推理来解释。相反，个体的反应最好由一个具有不同程度循环推理的模型来捕捉。循环推理指的是感官数据被先验信息破坏，反之亦然，导致我们“看到我们所期望的”（通过下降循环），“期待我们所看到的”（通过上升循环）或两者兼而有之。SCZ的上升环比ctl强，并且与阳性症状的严重程度相关。下行循环与阴性症状的严重程度相关。这两个循环都与紊乱症状有关。提示循环推理可能介导SCZ的临床表现。精神分裂症是一种以幻觉和妄想为特征的精神障碍。在这里，作者报告了一个新的概率推理任务，与健康受试者相比，精神分裂症患者表现出更大程度的循环推理，这与他们临床症状的严重程度相匹配。
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex mental disorder that may result in some combination of hallucinations, delusions and disorganized thinking. Here SCZ patients and healthy controls (CTLs) report their level of confidence on a forced-choice task that manipulated the strength of sensory evidence and prior information. Neither group's responses can be explained by simple Bayesian inference. Rather, individual responses are best captured by a model with different degrees of circular inference. Circular inference refers to a corruption of sensory data by prior information and vice versa, leading us to ‘see what we expect' (through descending loops), to ‘expect what we see' (through ascending loops) or both. Ascending loops are stronger for SCZ than CTLs and correlate with the severity of positive symptoms. Descending loops correlate with the severity of negative symptoms. Both loops correlate with disorganized symptoms. The findings suggest that circular inference might mediate the clinical manifestations of SCZ. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by hallucinations and delusions. Here the authors report a novel probabilistic inference task in which compared to healthy subjects, schizophrenia patients show greater degree of circular inference that matches the severity of their clinical symptoms.