Dissection of the Auditory Bulla in Postnatal Mice: Isolation of the Middle Ear Bones and Histological Analysis.
Dissection of the Auditory Bulla in Postnatal Mice: Isolation of the Middle Ear Bones and Histological Analysis.
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DOI：
10.3791/55054
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发表时间：
2017-01-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Matsuo K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sakamoto A;Kuroda Y;Kanzaki S;Matsuo K
在大多数哺乳动物中，中耳的听小骨，包括锤骨、砧骨和镫骨，是最小的骨头。在小鼠中，称为听大的骨结构容纳小骨，而听囊则包围内耳，即耳蜗和半规管。小鼠小骨对于听力至关重要，因此引起耳鼻喉科领域研究人员的极大兴趣，但它们的新陈代谢、发育和进化与其他领域高度相关。骨代谢的改变会影响成年小鼠的听力功能，并且各种基因缺陷小鼠在子宫内表现出听小骨形态发生的变化。尽管小鼠听小骨很小，但如果了解其解剖方向和 3D 结构，对其进行操作是可行的。在这里，我们描述了如何解剖出生后小鼠的听大泡和囊，然后通过切除部分大泡来分离单个小骨。我们还讨论了如何以不同方向嵌入大泡和囊，以生成适合制备锤骨纵向、水平或额叶切片的石蜡或冷冻切片。最后，我们列举了小鼠和人类听小骨之间的解剖学差异。这些方法可用于分析小鼠听小骨和中耳的病理、发育和进化方面。
In most mammals, auditory ossicles in the middle ear, including the malleus, incus and stapes, are the smallest bones. In mice, a bony structure called the auditory bulla houses the ossicles, whereas the auditory capsule encloses the inner ear, namely the cochlea and semicircular canals. Murine ossicles are essential for hearing and thus of great interest to researchers in the field of otolaryngology, but their metabolism, development, and evolution are highly relevant to other fields. Altered bone metabolism can affect hearing function in adult mice, and various gene-deficient mice show changes in morphogenesis of auditory ossicles in utero. Although murine auditory ossicles are tiny, their manipulation is feasible if one understands their anatomical orientation and 3D structure. Here, we describe how to dissect the auditory bulla and capsule of postnatal mice and then isolate individual ossicles by removing part of the bulla. We also discuss how to embed the bulla and capsule in different orientations to generate paraffin or frozen sections suitable for preparation of longitudinal, horizontal, or frontal sections of the malleus. Finally, we enumerate anatomical differences between mouse and human auditory ossicles. These methods would be useful in analyzing pathological, developmental and evolutionary aspects of auditory ossicles and the middle ear in mice.