Locomotion through apertures when wider space for locomotion is necessary: adaptation to artificially altered bodily states
Locomotion through apertures when wider space for locomotion is necessary: adaptation to artificially altered bodily states
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-006-0525-4
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发表时间：
2006-10-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Patla, Aftab E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Higuchi, Takahiro;Cinelli, Michael E.;Patla, Aftab E.
本研究的目的是描述在不同的运动约束下，当通过所需的空间随着外部物体而短暂扩展时，中枢神经系统安全穿过狭窄缝隙的适应性。以四种运动形式之一（正常行走，在行走时握住63厘米的单杠，肩膀旋转或不旋转以穿过门开口，以及轮椅使用），9名参与者被要求通过由两扇门形成的孔（在每种形式的运动下，相对孔宽度是它们的最大水平尺寸的1.02、1.10和1.20倍）而没有碰撞。运动学分析表明，当参与者在行走和握杆时旋转肩膀时，观察到与正常行走过程中几乎相同的运动模式：肩膀旋转受到孔宽度的调节，并且没有发生碰撞。当肩部旋转受到限制，而步行和持有酒吧或使用轮椅，一个大的减少，在运动的速度被观察到的参与者接近门，而且，速度的调制是依赖于孔径的宽度。此外，参与者在光圈中心穿过更准确;然而，有时会发生碰撞（更频繁，在轮椅使用期间）。这些研究结果表明，肩部旋转的运动限制可能是决定是否快速和成功的适应发生的关键因素。
The objective of this study is to describe the adaptability of the central nervous system to safely cross a narrow aperture when the space required for passage is transiently extended with external objects under different locomotor constraints. In one of four locomotion forms (normal walking, walking while holding a 63-cm horizontal bar with or without rotating the shoulders to cross a door opening, and wheelchair use), nine participants were asked to pass through an aperture created by two doors (the relative aperture widths were 1.02, 1.10, and 1.20 times their maximum horizontal dimension under each form of locomotion) without a collision. The kinematic analyses showed that, when the participants rotated their shoulders while walking and holding a bar, virtually the same locomotor patterns as those during normal walking were observed: shoulder rotation was regulated well in response to the width of an aperture, and no collisions occurred. When shoulder rotations were restricted while walking and holding a bar or using a wheelchair, a large reduction in the speed of movement was observed as the participants approached the door, and, furthermore, the modulation in speed was dependent on the width of the aperture. In addition, the participants crossed at the center of aperture more accurately; nevertheless, collision sometimes occurred (more frequently, during wheelchair use). These findings reveal that movement constraints on shoulder rotation are likely to be a critical factor in determining whether quick and successful adaptation takes place.