Microscopic Structure of the Lungs of the Bottlenose Whale
Microscopic Structure of the Lungs of the Bottlenose Whale
复制标题
宽吻鲸肺部的微观结构
DOI：
10.1038/182479a0
复制
发表时间：
1958
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
E. J. Slijper
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. R. Goudappel;E. J. Slijper
鲸目动物肺中最显著的结构之一是呼吸性细支气管中的括约肌。在一些齿鲸（Odontoceti）中，这些终末细支气管的粘膜显示出8至40个连续的环状褶皱，具有作为括约肌的圆形平滑肌纤维层。它们可以完全关闭细支气管中的通道。它们将管腔分成许多小的连续腔室。当肌肉组织放松时，通道被径向定向的弹性纤维系统重新打开，从肌肉层延伸到软骨的外周层。括约肌已经在普通鼠海豚（Phocaena phocaena（L.））中描述，海豚（Tursiops truncatus（Mont.）），普通海豚（Delphinus delphis L.），Prodelphinus caeruleo-albus Meyen，白色鲸鱼（Delphinapterus leucas（Pallas））和Berardius bairdii Stejneger 1 4-9。几位作者表明，这些括约肌不存在于须鲸（Mystacoceti）2，6 7 9。这些动物的肺泡隔尖端有一团非常发达的肌纤维。也许这些纤维能够完全封闭肺泡。
ONE of the most remarkable structures in the lungs of Cetacea are the sphincters in the respiratory bronchioles. In a number of toothed whales (Odontoceti) the mucosa of these terminal bronchioles shows 8 to 40 consecutive ring-like folds with a circular layer of smooth muscle fibres acting as a sphincter. They may close the passage in the bronchiole completely. They divide the lumen in a number of small consecutive chambers. When the musculature relaxes the passage is re-opened by a system of radially directed elastic fibres, running from the muscular layer to the peripheral layer of cartilage. The sphincters have been described in the common porpoise (Phocaena phocaena (L.)), the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus (Mont.)), the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis L.), Prodelphinus caeruleo-albus Meyen, the white whale (Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas)) and in Berardius bairdii Stejneger1 4–9. Several authors showed that these sphincters are not present in baleen whales (Mystacoceti)2,6 7 9. These animals show a very well-developed mass of muscular fibres in the tips of the alveolar septa. Probably these fibres are able to close the alveoles completely.