Uterine natural killer cells during pregnancy in rodents.
Uterine natural killer cells during pregnancy in rodents.
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发表时间：
1996-12
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通讯作者：
J. Head
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作者：
J. Head
几十年前，形态学家在研究怀孕啮齿动物的植入部位时描述了具有丰富突出颗粒的大型单核细胞。这些惊人的细胞在妊娠中期大量积累，形成一种啮齿类动物妊娠特有的结构，在子宫肌肉组织的子宫内膜区域发育，并被不幸地称为子宫内膜腺。因此，这些细胞最初被称为粒状子宫腺（GMG）细胞。过去几年提供的证据，特别是在突变和转基因小鼠的原位表型和研究中，已经可靠地确定这些细胞是自然杀伤（NK）细胞谱系的成员，它们在这里被称为粒状子宫NK （uNK）细胞。这里回顾了许多证据，以及对这些细胞分化的空间和时间方面的描述。特别强调的是他们的生活史和他们可能的重要性，在怀孕早期，在发育之前的子宫腺适当。它们与其他NK细胞群的关系，特别是活化细胞，以及它们在怀孕期间可能的功能，进行了讨论。由于这些细胞在怀孕子宫的独特微环境中发育，并且似乎沿着特定的途径分化，因此提出了关于颗粒状uNK细胞在该部位分化的调节的假设。
Large mononuclear cells with abundant prominent granules were described decades ago by morphologists studying implantation sites in pregnant rodents. These striking cells accumulated by midgestation in large numbers in a structure unique to rodent pregnancy that develops in the mesometrial region of the uterine musculature and was given the unfortunate name of metrial gland. Thus, the cells were originally termed granulated metrial gland (GMG) cells. Evidence provided over the last few years, especially in situ phenotyping and studies in mutant and transgenic mice, has reliably identified these cells as members of the natural killer (NK) cell lineage, and they are referred to here as granulated uterine NK (uNK) cells. Much of the evidence is reviewed here, along with a description of the spatial and temporal aspects of the differentiation of these cells. Especially highlighted are their life history and their likely importance early in pregnancy before development of the metrial gland proper. Their relation to other NK cell populations, especially activated cells, as well as their possible functions during pregnancy, are discussed. Because these cells develop in the unique microenvironment of the pregnant uterus and appear to differentiate along a specific pathway, hypotheses are proposed regarding the regulation of granulated uNK cell differentiation in this site.