2003 EH1 Is the Quadrantid Shower Parent Comet
2003 EH1 Is the Quadrantid Shower Parent Comet
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2003 EH1 是象限流星雨母彗星
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Jenniskens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Jenniskens
1月初的象限仪座流星雨是我们每年最强烈的流星雨。到目前为止，人们一直认为母陨石是从一个古老的、广泛分散的流星体流的可观测部分进化而来的。几年前，在一组新的精确简化的象限轨道中发现了一个小的分散体，该流只有大约500年的历史。据预测，在流星体中仍然可以找到母星体。我现在发现，流星雨起源于2003 EH 1，这是LONEOS在3月6日发现的一颗小行星，目前在地球轨道外的高倾角彗星轨道上经过0.213 Au，相对于木星的Tisserand不变量只有2.064。其轨道与象限仪座流星雨的轨道一致。交点（θ 0.°3）和近日点距离（θ 0. 23 Au）的微小差异与大约500年前从2003 EH 1释放到稍长轨道的彗星和碎片的差异演化相一致。我的结论是，对象2003 EH 1是一个间歇性活动的彗星。如果流星体是在解体过程中脱落的，则簇射中的巨大总质量（1013千克）只与年轻的年龄相一致。彗星C/1490 Y1被观测到的时间范围大致适合于这种分裂，并且可能是在象限流星体流形成时的先前观测，但是构建一个连接2003 EH 1和彗星C/1490 Y1的共同轨道的努力表明，可能需要考虑非引力摄动或与地球的近距离接触。
The Quadrantid meteor shower in early January is our most intense annual shower. Until now, the parent was thought to have evolved away from the observable part of an old, widely dispersed meteoroid stream. A few years ago, it was found from a small dispersion in a new set of precisely reduced Quadrantid orbits that the stream was only about 500 years old. It was predicted that the parent was still to be found among the meteoroids. I now find that the shower originated from 2003 EH1, a minor planet discovered by LONEOS on March 6, currently passing 0.213 AU outside of Earth orbit in a high-inclination, comet-like orbit with a Tisserand invariant with respect to Jupiter of only 2.064. The orbit agrees with that of the Quadrantids. Small discrepancies in node (∼0.°3) and perihelion distance (∼0.23 AU) are consistent with the differential evolution of comet and debris that was released from 2003 EH1 about 500 years ago into slightly longer orbits. I conclude that object 2003 EH1 is an intermittently active comet. The large total mass in the shower (∼1013 kg) is only consistent with a young age if the meteoroids were shed during a breakup. Comet C/1490 Y1 was observed in about the right time frame for such a breakup and might be a prior sighting when the Quadrantid meteoroid stream was created, but efforts to construct a common orbit that links 2003 EH1 and comet C/1490 Y1 show that nongravitational perturbations or close encounters with Earth may need to be considered.