Project management in small to medium-sized enterprises: matching processes to the nature of the firm
Project management in small to medium-sized enterprises: matching processes to the nature of the firm
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijproman.2010.06.005
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
R. Turner;A. Ledwith;J. Kelly
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Turner;A. Ledwith;J. Kelly
中小型企业(SME)在就业、创新和增长方面对经济做出了重要贡献。项目管理可以在促进这一贡献方面发挥重要作用，但与大型传统组织相比，中小企业需要较少的官僚形式的项目管理。我们正在进行这项研究，以确定中小企业所需的项目管理的性质，并报告了我们研究的定性阶段的结果。我们采访了来自不同行业、来自四个国家的三种规模的中小企业的人士。中小企业使用项目管理既可以管理运营，向客户提供量身定制的产品，也可以管理创新和增长。我们发现类似的项目管理方法用于这两个目的。主要的差异出现在公司规模和国家。爱尔兰和瑞典都寻求更自由的管理风格，而奥地利和罗马尼亚的人们愿意接受更专制的管理风格。瑞典人比爱尔兰人想要更多的结构。此外，自由放任的管理风格更适合微型和小公司，而中型公司则需要更多的民主或专制风格。与传统形式相比，这三种规模的公司都希望减少官僚版的项目管理，但与小微公司相比，中型公司需要更多的结构，因为在中型公司中，人们扮演的是更专业的角色。
Small to medium enterprises (SMEs) make a key contribution to the economy in terms of employment, innovation and growth. Project management can play a significant role in facilitating this contribution, but SMEs require less bureaucratic forms of project management than those used by larger, traditional organizations. We are undertaking this research to identify the nature of project management required by SMEs, and the results of the qualitative stage of our research are reported in this paper. We interviewed people from companies of the three sizes of SME, micro, small and medium, from a range of industries and from four countries. SMEs use project management both to manage operations, to deliver tailored or bespoke products to customers, and manage innovation and growth. We found similar project management approaches used for both purposes. The main differences occurred by size of company and country. Both Ireland and Sweden looked for more laissez-faire management styles, while people in Austria and Romania were willing to accept more autocratic styles. People in Sweden wanted more structure than people in Ireland. Also laissez-faire styles of management were more appropriate in micro and small companies, whereas more democratic or autocratic styles were needed in medium-sized companies. All three sizes of company wanted less bureaucratic versions of project management than traditional forms, but medium-sized companies, where people fulfil more specialist roles, need more structure than small and micro companies.