Novel Insights to Be Gained From Applying Metacommunity Theory to Long-Term, Spatially Replicated Biodiversity Data
Novel Insights to Be Gained From Applying Metacommunity Theory to Long-Term, Spatially Replicated Biodiversity Data
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DOI：
10.3389/fevo.2020.612794
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发表时间：
2021-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Record;Nicole M. Voelker;P. Zarnetske;Nathan I. Wisnoski;J. Tonkin;C. Swan;L. Marazzi;Nina K. Lany-Nina
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Record;Nicole M. Voelker;P. Zarnetske;Nathan I. Wisnoski;J. Tonkin;C. Swan;L. Marazzi;Nina K. Lany-Nina
全球生物多样性及其相关生态系统服务的丧失正在以惊人的速度发生，预计未来将加速。元生态系统理论提供了一个框架，以调查多尺度的过程，推动跨空间和时间的生物多样性变化。跨空间的短期生态研究通过元生态性透镜推进了我们对生物多样性的理解，然而，这种时间快照在解释哪些过程、在哪些尺度上产生观察到的空间格局方面的能力有限。时间动态的metacrobiences一直研究不足，理论和经验数据的巨大差距阻碍了我们的理解的基础metacrobience过程，引起生物多样性模式的进展。幸运的是，我们正处于生态学历史上的一个重要时刻，跨尺度空间复制的长期研究提供了一种手段，可以更深入地了解在时间和空间上驱动生物多样性模式的多尺度过程，从而为元共生理论提供信息。协调的研究和观测网络的成熟，如美国长期生态研究方案，提供了一个机会，可以利用空间和时间尺度上的观测和实验数据，推进对生物多样性变化的解释和预测，这些数据比任何一个单一的研究小组都要多。LTER网络社区数据集的合成表明，长期的研究与空间复制提出了一个未充分利用的资源，推进时空元认知研究。我们确定了对这些数据进行综合的挑战，并提出了应对这些挑战的建议。最后，我们的见解如何协调的研究和观测网络未来的监测工作，可以进一步发展的metacompatibility理论及其应用，旨在提高保护工作。
Global loss of biodiversity and its associated ecosystem services is occurring at an alarming rate and is predicted to accelerate in the future. Metacommunity theory provides a framework to investigate multi-scale processes that drive change in biodiversity across space and time. Short-term ecological studies across space have progressed our understanding of biodiversity through a metacommunity lens, however, such snapshots in time have been limited in their ability to explain which processes, at which scales, generate observed spatial patterns. Temporal dynamics of metacommunities have been understudied, and large gaps in theory and empirical data have hindered progress in our understanding of underlying metacommunity processes that give rise to biodiversity patterns. Fortunately, we are at an important point in the history of ecology, where long-term studies with cross-scale spatial replication provide a means to gain a deeper understanding of the multiscale processes driving biodiversity patterns in time and space to inform metacommunity theory. The maturation of coordinated research and observation networks, such as the United States Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program, provides an opportunity to advance explanation and prediction of biodiversity change with observational and experimental data at spatial and temporal scales greater than any single research group could accomplish. Synthesis of LTER network community datasets illustrates that long-term studies with spatial replication present an under-utilized resource for advancing spatio-temporal metacommunity research. We identify challenges towards synthesizing these data and present recommendations for addressing these challenges. We conclude with insights about how future monitoring efforts by coordinated research and observation networks could further the development of metacommunity theory and its applications aimed at improving conservation efforts.