Relationships between Tertiary relict and circumboreal woodland floras: a case study in Chimaphila (Ericaceae)
Relationships between Tertiary relict and circumboreal woodland floras: a case study in Chimaphila (Ericaceae)
复制标题
第三纪遗迹与环北林地植物区系之间的关系：以杜鹃花科（Chimaphila）为例
DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcz018
复制
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Richard I. Milne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhen-Wen Liu;Jing Zhou;Hua Peng;John V. Freudenstein;Richard I. Milne
背景和目的：原始残余分布和北极/环周分布是北半球洲际断裂的两种主要模式，它们的历史非常不同。每一个都得到了很好的研究，但是一个生物群系的成员通常没有被纳入另一个生物地理分析，这两个生物群系之间的联系或过渡很少得到解决。方法利用贝叶斯和极大似然方法，基于cpDNA和核ITS生成黑猩猩的进化机制。使用BEAST生成了一个时间校准的系统发育。祖先区域重建是通过统计分散-差异分析和分散-灭绝-枝生模型来推断的。主要结果估计喜树冠群起源于中新世早期。c的血统。伞形早有分化，但直到上新世中期或更晚才形成目前的环周分布。它的姐妹是一个有四种的分支，具有第三纪残余分布。其中，两次扩张发生在北美到亚洲，可能是通过白令海陆桥，形成了现在的断裂。结论我们的研究结果与其他一些研究结果一致，表明环北方林地生物群系的起源比大多数真正的北极-高山生物类群更古老，自早渐新世以来逐渐吸收了类群。对于亚洲-北美在chimapphila的起源，一种“出美洲”的迁移得到了支持。在第三纪遗迹断裂和北极/环北极分布之间，火蛾科谱系的移动方向尚不清楚；每个生物群系都可能从另一个生物群系中招募物种。
Background and AimsTertiary relict and Arctic/circumboreal distributions are two major patterns of Northern Hemisphere intercontinental disjunctions with very different histories. Each has been well researched, but members of one biome have generally not been incorporated in the biogeographical analyses of the other, and links or transitions between these two biomes have rarely been addressed.MethodsPhylogenies ofChimaphilawere generated based on cpDNA and nuclear ITS, using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. A time-calibrated phylogeny was generated using BEAST. Ancestral area reconstruction was inferred using both statistical dispersal–vicariance analysis and a dispersal–extinction–cladogenesis model.Key ResultsTheChimaphilacrown group was estimated to have originated in the early Miocene. The lineages ofC. umbellatadiverged early, but its present circumboreal distribution was not achieved until around the middle Pliocene or later. Sister to this is a clade of four species with Tertiary relict distribution. Among these, two expansions occurred from North America to Asia, probably via the Bering Land Bridge, generating its current disjunctions.ConclusionsOur data concur with a few other studies, indicating that the circumboreal woodland biome has an older origin than most true Arctic–alpine taxa, having gradually recruited taxa since the early Oligocene. For the origin of Asia–North America disjunctions inChimaphila, an ‘out-of-America’ migration was supported. It is not clear in which direction Pyroloideae lineages moved between Tertiary relict disjunctions and Arctic/circumboreal distributions; each biome might have recruited species from the other.