Accuracy of alcohol diagnosis among DWI offenders referred for screening
Accuracy of alcohol diagnosis among DWI offenders referred for screening
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.04.020
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发表时间：
2004-11-11
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Hunt, WC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lapham, SC;de Baca, JC;Hunt, WC
背景：大多数美国法院使用筛选程序来评估被定罪的驾驶而受损（DWI）罪犯的药物滥用问题。通常，自我报告信息决定是否需要治疗。然而，很少有人知道的准确性自我报告的酒精使用问题，在这一人口。研究方法：DSM-III-R酒精滥用和依赖的诊断，从最初的，法院下令筛选评价的583名女性和495名男性被定罪的DWI罪犯进行了比较，诊断和其他自我报告的信息，从一个自愿的，非强迫的采访5年后，筛选转介。结果：在初筛时，16.8%的违法者被诊断为酒精滥用，20.1%的违法者被诊断为酒精依赖.在5年的访谈中，19.9%和60.1%的人在接受筛查的年龄接受了酒精滥用或依赖的回顾性诊断。与没有回顾性诊断的人相比，有回顾性酒精诊断的人中很少有人报告他们在筛选时的酒精使用自我报告“非常准确”。结论：虽然许多接受筛查的DWI罪犯有可诊断的酒精相关问题，但漏报是常见的，导致诊断不准确，因此错过了治疗机会。研究界和政策制定者应该审查和改革目前的酒精受损司机筛查系统，以更好地解决这一严重的公共卫生问题。(C)2004爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Background: Most US courts use screening programs to evaluate substance-abuse problems of convicted driving while impaired (DWI) offenders. Typically self-report information determines need for treatment. However, little is known about the accuracy of self-reports of alcohol-use problems in this Population. Methods: DSM-III-R alcohol abuse and dependence diagnoses from an initial, court-ordered screening evaluation of 583 female and 495 male convicted DWI offenders were compared with diagnoses and other self-reported information from a voluntary, noncoerced interview 5 years after the screening referral. Results: At initial screening, 16.8% of offenders were diagnosed with alcohol abuse and 20.1 % with alcohol dependence. At the 5-year interview, 19.9 and 60.1 % received a retrospective diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence at the age at which they were screened. Significantly fewer of those with a retrospective alcohol diagnosis reported that their alcohol use self-reports at screening were "very accurate" compared to those with no retrospective diagnosis. Conclusions: Although many DWI offenders undergoing screening have diagnosable alcohol-related problems, underreporting is common, leading to inaccurate diagnosis and, therefore, a missed treatment opportunity. The research community and policymakers should review and reform the current screening system for alcohol-impaired drivers to better address this serious public health problem. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.