Avian cholera, post-hatching survival and selection on hatch characteristics in a long-lived bird, the common eider Somateria mollisima
Avian cholera, post-hatching survival and selection on hatch characteristics in a long-lived bird, the common eider Somateria mollisima
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-048x.2010.05196.x
复制
发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Bety, Joel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Descamps, Sebastien;Forbes, Mark R.;Bety, Joel
传染病可以对动物种群动态产生巨大的影响，但它们如何影响生命率仍然研究不足。我们利用了一个常见的绒鸭Somateria mollissima在北极殖民地的禽霍乱流行病的外观，以研究这种高度传染性疾病的孵化特性在青少年的生存和选择的变化。禽霍乱是影响野生鸟类的最重要传染病之一，被认为主要影响成年鸟类的生存。在这里，我们表明，禽霍乱与90%的小鸭存活率下降，导致几乎零招募。霍乱爆发前，对孵化期存在显著的稳定选择，对孵化量存在显著的正向选择。在霍乱爆发期间，孵化特征的选择不再重要。这些结果是基于霍乱年份存活小鸭的低样本，但表明孵化时的日期和质量不再影响霍乱存在下小鸭的存活。禽霍乱对孵化后存活的这些影响可能不仅是疾病本身的后果，而且是禽霍乱出现后捕食率增加的后果。我们的研究结果强调了传染病对生命率的直接和间接影响，从而影响了人口动态。
Infectious diseases can have dramatic impacts on animal population dynamics, but how they influence vital rates remains understudied. We took advantage of the appearance of an avian cholera epizootic in an arctic colony of common eiders Somateria mollissima to study variation in juvenile survival and selection on hatch characteristics in relation to this highly infectious disease. Avian cholera is one of the most important infectious diseases affecting wild birds and is thought to primarily affect adult survival. Here, we show that avian cholera was associated with a 90% decline in duckling survival, leading to almost zero recruitment. Before the cholera outbreak, there was significant stabilizing selection on hatching date and significant positive directional selection on hatching mass. During cholera outbreaks, selection on hatch characteristics was no longer significant. These results were based on a low sample of surviving ducklings in cholera years, but suggested that date and mass at hatching did no longer affect duckling survival in the presence of cholera. These effects of avian cholera on post-hatching survival were likely not only the consequence of the disease per se, but also a consequence of an increase in predation rates that followed the emergence of avian cholera. Our results emphasize the dramatic direct and indirect impacts that infectious disease can have on vital rates, and thus population dynamics.