IN VITRO METHODS AND THE CHALLENGE OF EXCEPTIONAL SPECIES FOR TARGET 8 OF THE GLOBAL STRATEGY FOR PLANT CONSERVATION
IN VITRO METHODS AND THE CHALLENGE OF EXCEPTIONAL SPECIES FOR TARGET 8 OF THE GLOBAL STRATEGY FOR PLANT CONSERVATION
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DOI：
10.3417/2011112
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Pence, Valerie C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pence, Valerie C.
对于大多数受保护的植物物种，种子库和传统繁殖方法是实现全球植物保护战略（GSPC）目标8的迁地和恢复保护目标的最有效方法。然而，估计有5000或更多的濒危物种，这些方法将不足以保护工具。这些“特殊”的物种是那些种子不结籽的物种，或者是那些种子很少或根本不结籽的物种。体外方法可以为这些物种的长期繁殖和保存种质提供替代程序。濒危野生动物保护和研究中心（CREW）对几种美国濒危物种的研究表明了这些方法的潜力。当传统的繁殖方法不能满足需要时，离体繁殖可以为再引进和研究提供植物。植物组织库可用于长期迁地保护时，种子或胚胎银行是不可能的。在体外方法也需要恢复时，胚银行的柠檬种子是可能的。体外方法的全面实施受到信息，科学和经济挑战的限制，但需要使用它来满足特殊物种的需求，应该为克服这些挑战提供动力，并使这些方法成为整体迁地保护战略的一个组成部分。
For the majority of plant species of conservation concern, seed banking and traditional propagation methods are the most efficient ways of meeting the ex situ and recovery conservation goals of Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) Target 8. However, there are estimated to be 5000 or more endangered species for which these methods will not be adequate conservation tools. These "exceptional" species are those with recalcitrant seeds or those that produce few or no seeds. In vitro methods can provide alternative procedures for propagating and preserving germplasm in the long term for these species. Research at the Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW) with several U.S. endangered species has shown the potential of these methods. In vitro propagation can provide plants for reintroduction and research when traditional propagation methods are not adequate. Phytotissue banking can be used for long-term ex situ conservation when seed or embryo banking is not possible. In vitro methods are also needed for recovery when embryo banking of recalcitrant seeds is possible. The full implementation of in vitro methods is constrained by information, scientific, and economic challenges, but the need for its use in meeting the needs of exceptional species should provide impetus for overcoming these challenges and making these methods an integral part of an overall ex situ conservation strategy.