Pervasive Effects of Wolbachia on Host Temperature Preference.
Pervasive Effects of Wolbachia on Host Temperature Preference.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.01768-20
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发表时间：
2020-10-06
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Cooper BS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hague MTJ;Caldwell CN;Cooper BS
微生物感染多种物种，影响宿主的性能和健康状况。母体传播的沃尔巴克氏体细菌感染大多数昆虫和其他节肢动物，使这些细菌成为自然界中最常见的内共生体。尽管沃尔巴克氏体在全球范围内普遍存在，但人们仍不清楚沃尔巴克氏体如何影响宿主的生理和行为增殖。我们证明了沃尔巴克氏体对果蝇温度偏好的普遍影响。相对于未感染的基因型，感染 A 组沃尔巴克氏体的大多数宿主更喜欢较低的温度，而感染不同的 B 组沃尔巴克氏体的单一宿主物种更喜欢温暖的温度。宿主温度偏好的变化通常不会改变宿主组织中沃尔巴克氏体的丰度，但对于某些 A 组菌株，成年雄性在转移到较低温度时会增加沃尔巴克氏体滴度。这表明沃尔巴克氏体引起的宿主行为变化可能促进细菌复制。我们的结果有助于阐明在全球沃尔巴克氏体大流行期间内共生体对其宿主的影响。可遗传的共生体可以改变一系列具有重要生态意义的宿主特征，包括行为。大约一半的昆虫物种感染了母源传播的沃尔巴克氏体，这是一种已知会改变宿主繁殖、营养获取和病毒易感性的细菌内共生体。在这里，我们通过评估八种不同的沃尔巴克氏菌菌株对六种果蝇亚群物种的温度偏好的影响，广泛检验了沃尔巴克氏菌改变宿主行为的假设。感染 A 组沃尔巴克氏体菌株的七种宿主基因型中的四种（模拟果蝇中的 wRi、模拟果蝇中的 wHa、果蝇中的 wSh 和果蝇 teissieri 中的 wTei）相对于未感染的基因型更喜欢明显较低的温度。相比之下，当感染不同的 B 组 wMau 时，毛里求斯果蝇更喜欢温暖的温度。对于大多数菌株来说，宿主温度偏好的改变不会改变沃尔巴克氏体滴度。然而，感染 wSh 和 wTei 的雄性在转移到较低温度 24 小时后往往会出现滴度增加，这表明沃尔巴克氏体引起的宿主行为变化可能会促进细菌复制。我们的结果表明，沃尔巴克氏体对宿主温度偏好的改变可能很普遍，这对昆虫的体温调节和生理学具有重要意义。了解这些沃尔巴克氏体效应的适应性后果对于预测宿主-共生体相互作用的进化结果至关重要，包括沃尔巴克氏体如何传播并变得普遍。
Microbes infect a diversity of species, influencing the performance and fitness of their hosts. Maternally transmitted Wolbachia bacteria infect most insects and other arthropods, making these bacteria some of the most common endosymbionts in nature. Despite their global prevalence, it remains mostly unknown how Wolbachia influence host physiology and behavior to proliferate. We demonstrate pervasive effects of Wolbachia on Drosophila temperature preference. Most hosts infected with A-group Wolbachia prefer cooler temperatures, whereas the one host species infected with divergent B-group Wolbachia prefers warmer temperatures, relative to uninfected genotypes. Changes to host temperature preference generally do not alter Wolbachia abundance in host tissues, but for some A-group strains, adult males have increased Wolbachia titer when shifted to a cooler temperature. This suggests that Wolbachia-induced changes to host behavior may promote bacterial replication. Our results help elucidate the impact of endosymbionts on their hosts amid the global Wolbachia pandemic. Heritable symbionts can modify a range of ecologically important host traits, including behavior. About half of all insect species are infected with maternally transmitted Wolbachia, a bacterial endosymbiont known to alter host reproduction, nutrient acquisition, and virus susceptibility. Here, we broadly test the hypothesis that Wolbachia modifies host behavior by assessing the effects of eight different Wolbachia strains on the temperature preference of six Drosophila melanogaster subgroup species. Four of the seven host genotypes infected with A-group Wolbachia strains (wRi in Drosophila simulans, wHa in D. simulans, wSh in Drosophila sechellia, and wTei in Drosophila teissieri) prefer significantly cooler temperatures relative to uninfected genotypes. Contrastingly, when infected with divergent B-group wMau, Drosophila mauritiana prefers a warmer temperature. For most strains, changes to host temperature preference do not alter Wolbachia titer. However, males infected with wSh and wTei tend to experience an increase in titer when shifted to a cooler temperature for 24 h, suggesting that Wolbachia-induced changes to host behavior may promote bacterial replication. Our results indicate that Wolbachia modifications to host temperature preference are likely widespread, which has important implications for insect thermoregulation and physiology. Understanding the fitness consequences of these Wolbachia effects is crucial for predicting evolutionary outcomes of host-symbiont interactions, including how Wolbachia spreads to become common.