Absence of spontaneous action anticipation by false belief attribution in children with autism spectrum disorder
Absence of spontaneous action anticipation by false belief attribution in children with autism spectrum disorder
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DOI：
10.1017/s0954579410000106
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Csibra, Gergely
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Senju, Atsushi;Southgate, Victoria;Csibra, Gergely
最近，一系列研究表明，幼儿通过完全非语言的方式理解错误的信念。这些研究表明，三岁以下的儿童如果一直未能通过标准的口头错误信念测试，他们可以根据自己所归因的错误信念来预测他人的行为。目前的研究检验了已知在言语错误信念测试中存在困难的自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童是否也可能在非言语错误信念测试中表现出这种行动预期。我们呈现了一个演员观看隐藏在盒子里的物体的视频刺激。然后，当演员移开视线时，该物体发生了移位。我们记录了孩子们的眼球运动，并编码了他们是否自发地预期了演员随后的行为，只有当他们将错误的信念归因于她时，才可以预测到这一行为。尽管正常发育的儿童正确地预期了该行为，但患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童却未能表现出这种行为预期。结果表明，患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童在错误信念归因方面存在障碍，这与他们的语言能力无关。
Recently, a series of studies demonstrated false belief understanding in young children through completely nonverbal measures. These studies have revealed that children younger than 3 years of age, who consistently fail the standard verbal false belief test, can anticipate others' actions based on their attributed false beliefs. The current study examined whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), who are known to have difficulties in the verbal false belief test, may also show such action anticipation in a nonverbal false belief test. We presented video stimuli of an actor watching an object being hidden in a box. The object was then displaced while the actor was looking away. We recorded children's eye movements and coded whether they spontaneously anticipated the actor's subsequent behavior, which could only have been predicted if they had attributed a false belief to her. Although typically developing children correctly anticipated the action, children with ASD failed to show such action anticipation. The results suggest that children with ASD have an impairment in false belief attribution, which is independent of their verbal ability.