Tackling gender inequalities and intimate partner violence in the response to HIV: moving towards effective interventions in Southern and Eastern Africa
Tackling gender inequalities and intimate partner violence in the response to HIV: moving towards effective interventions in Southern and Eastern Africa
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DOI：
10.2989/16085906.2016.1204331
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Gibbs, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibbs, Andrew
结束亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）和减少性别不平等被认为是到2030年结束艾滋病的关键。在妇女中，经历IPV已被证明会增加艾滋病毒的感染，降低妇女使用艾滋病毒预防战略的能力，并减少抗逆转录病毒疗法的坚持。在南部非洲和东部非洲，最近大力推动通过广泛的供资和方案拟订渠道加强这方面的方案拟订工作。然而，虽然性别不平等是感染艾滋病毒和艾滋病毒的基础，但在不同情况下，各种其他因素相互交织，形成这种脆弱性。本文通过对生活在城市非正规住区的年轻妇女的反思以及“垫脚石”和“创造未来”干预措施，说明了在任何特定背景下了解艾滋病毒和IPV的具体驱动因素以及采取干预措施预防这一情况的必要性。任何干预措施都需要包括三个关键组成部分：1）与其所针对的妇女的生活现实产生共鸣; 2）同时解决导致妇女易受IPV和艾滋病毒感染的多重因素; 3）考虑如何最好地与男子和男孩合作，为妇女取得更好的成果。有人认为，这种方法与缓慢的研究运动相呼应，将为干预措施带来更好的成果，但也需要从根本上重新思考如何在妇女中预防IPV和艾滋病毒的干预措施是概念化的，更加强调了解性别在每种情况下产生共鸣的方式以及干预措施如何运作。
Ending intimate partner violence (IPV) and reducing gender inequalities are recognised as critical to ending AIDS by 2030. Amongst women, experiencing IPV has been shown to increase HIV acquisition, reduce women's ability to use HIV prevention strategies and reduce adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). In Southern and Eastern Africa there has recently been a significant push to strengthen programming around this through broad funding and programming streams. However, while gender inequality underpins IPV and HIV acquisition, in different contexts a variety of other factors intersect to shape this vulnerability. Using reflections focused on young women living in urban informal settlements and the Stepping Stones and Creating Futures intervention, this paper illustrates the need to understand the specific drivers of HIV and IPV in any given context and the need for interventions to prevent this. Any intervention needs to include three key components: 1) resonate with the lived realities of women they target; 2) tackle multiple factors shaping women's vulnerability to IPV and HIV simultaneously; and 3) consider how best to work with men and boys to achieve improved outcomes for women. Such an approach, it is argued, resonating with the slow research movement, will yield better outcomes for interventions, but will also require a fundamental rethinking of how interventions to prevent IPV and HIV amongst women are conceptualised, with a greater emphasis on understanding the ways in which gender resonates in each context and how interventions can operate.