Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium species infections among children and cattle in North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium species infections among children and cattle in North Shewa Zone, Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2334-13-419
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发表时间：
2013-09-08
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Petros, Beyene
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wegayehu, Teklu;Adamu, Haileeyesus;Petros, Beyene
背景：贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫是导致世界范围内显著发病率和死亡率的原生动物腹泻的最常见原因。本研究的目的是确定儿童和牛贾第鞭毛虫和隐孢子虫属感染的患病率，并评估人畜共患传染病的潜在风险transmissions.Methods：这项横断面研究进行了2009年1月至4月之间在Girar Jarso和德拉区的北希瓦区，奥罗莫地区，埃塞俄比亚。共收集768份粪便标本，用生理盐水直接湿封法和福尔马林乙醚浓缩法检查肠道寄生虫。采用改良的Ziehl-Neelsen染色法检测隐孢子虫。结果：384名儿童中贾第鞭毛虫阳性53例（13.8%），隐孢子虫阳性28例（7.3%）。同样，在检查的384头牛中，9头（2.3%）贾第鞭毛虫阳性，30头（7.8%）隐孢子虫感染阳性。与牛33密切接触的儿童贾第鞭毛虫病患病率（18.7%）显著高于与牛20无密切接触的儿童（9.6%）（P < 0.05）。与牛密切接触的儿童感染隐孢子虫的人数也较高15（8.5%）。男女儿童贾第虫病和隐孢子虫病患病率差异无统计学意义。另一方面，在儿童贾第鞭毛虫病的患病率差异有统计学意义的年龄组之间。结论：贾第鞭毛虫感染的儿童中检出较高的患病率显着与接触牛和粪便的儿童。利用分子生物学技术的进一步分析，需要解释在研究区域的人畜共患病传播的存在。
Background: Giardia and Cryptosporidium are the most common causes of protozoan diarrhea that lead to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium species infections among children and cattle, and to assess the potential risk of zoonotic transmission.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2009 in Girar Jarso and Dera Districts of North Shewa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. A total of 768 stool specimens were collected and examined for intestinal parasites using direct wet mount with saline and formalin ether concentration methods. The modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining method was used for the detection of Cryptosporidium species. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 15.Results: Out of 384 children examined, 53 (13.8%) and 28 (7.3%) were positive for Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections, respectively. Similarly, of the total 384 cattle examined, 9 (2.3%) were positive for Giardia duodenalis and 30 (7.8%) were positive for Cryptosporidium infection. The prevalence of giardiasis was significantly higher among children who had close contact with cattle 33 (18.7%) compared to children who had no contact with cattle 20 (9.6%) (P < 0.05). Higher number of Cryptosporidium infection was also recorded in children who had close contact with cattle 15 (8.5%). Difference in prevalence of giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis among children was not statistically significant between males and females. On the other hand, difference in the prevalence of giardiasis among children was statistically significant between age groups.Conclusions: Higher prevalence of Giardia duodenalis infection detected among children was significantly associated with contact with cattle and manure that the children had. Further analysis using molecular techniques is needed to explain the existence of zoonotic transmission in the study area.