Influenza in workplaces: transmission, workers' adherence to sick leave advice and European sick leave recommendations
Influenza in workplaces: transmission, workers' adherence to sick leave advice and European sick leave recommendations
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/ckw031
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
de Blasio, Birgitte Freiesleben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards, Christina Hansen;Tomba, Gianpaolo Scalia;de Blasio, Birgitte Freiesleben
背景：了解工作场所流感传播以及在患流感样疾病时呆在家里是否可以减少流感传播对于设计有效的公共卫生举措至关重要。目的：本综述综合了有关工作场所因病出勤和流感传播的最新文献，并概述了欧洲针对流感的病假建议。方法：在 Medline、Embase、PsychINFO、Cinahl、Web of Science、Scopus 和 SweMed 上进行检索，以确定与工作场所接触、传播、干预和遵守病假建议相关的研究。向 31 个欧洲国家发布了一项关于流感期间病假国家建议和政策的网络调查。结果：22 篇文章（9 篇调查；13 篇建模文章）符合本次审查的资格。社会混合研究的结果表明，每周 20-25% 的接触发生在工作场所，而模型研究表明，平均 16%（范围 9-33%）的流感传播发生在工作场所。减少工作场所出勤率的干预措施的有效性在很大程度上尚不清楚。最后，根据报告估计，病假建议的遵守率在 71% 到 95% 之间。总体而言，共有 18 个国家参与了这项调查，其中 9 个国家 (50%) 发布了鼓励生病员工在 2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感大流行期间待在家里的建议，而只有一个国家针对季节性流感提出了官方建议。结论：2009 年甲型 H1N1 流感大流行期间，许多欧洲国家建议生病的员工休病假。需要进一步研究来量化流感疾病期间减少出勤率的影响。
Background: Knowledge about influenza transmission in the workplace and whether staying home from work when experiencing influenza-like illness can reduce the spread of influenza is crucial for the design of efficient public health initiatives. Aim: This review synthesizes current literature on sickness presenteeism and influenza transmission in the workplace and provides an overview of sick leave recommendations in Europe for influenza. Methods: A search was performed on Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Cinahl, Web of Science, Scopus and SweMed to identify studies related to workplace contacts, -transmission, -interventions and compliance with recommendations to take sick leave. A web-based survey on national recommendations and policies for sick leave during influenza was issued to 31 European countries. Results: Twenty-two articles (9 surveys; 13 modelling articles) were eligible for this review. Results from social mixing studies suggest that 20-25% of weekly contacts are made in the workplace, while modelling studies suggest that on average 16% (range 9-33%) of influenza transmission occurs in the workplace. The effectiveness of interventions to reduce workplace presenteeism is largely unknown. Finally, estimates from studies reporting expected compliance with sick leave recommendations ranged from 71 to 95%. Overall, 18 countries participated in the survey of which nine (50%) had issued recommendations encouraging sick employees to stay at home during the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic, while only one country had official recommendations for seasonal influenza. Conclusions: During the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic, many European countries recommended ill employees to take sick leave. Further research is warranted to quantify the effect of reduced presenteeism during influenza illness.