Outcome Expectancy and Self-Efficacy: Theoretical Implications of an Unresolved Contradiction
Outcome Expectancy and Self-Efficacy: Theoretical Implications of an Unresolved Contradiction
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结果预期和自我效能：未解决的矛盾的理论意义
DOI：
10.1177/1088868310368802
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
David M Williams
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
David M Williams
According to self-efficacy theory, self-efficacy—defined as perceived capability to perform a behavior—causally influences expected outcomes of behavior, but not vice versa. However, research has shown that expected outcomes causally influence self-efficacy judgments, and some authors have argued that this relationship invalidates self-efficacy theory. Bandura has rebutted those arguments saying that self-efficacy judgments are not invalidated when influenced by expected outcomes. This article focuses on a contradiction in Bandura’s rebuttal. Specifically, Bandura has argued (a) expected outcomes cannot causally influence self-efficacy, but (b) self-efficacy judgments remain valid when causally influenced by expected outcomes. While the debate regarding outcome expectancies and self-efficacy has subsided in recent years, the inattention to this contradiction has led to a disproportionate focus on self-efficacy as a causal determinant of behavior at the expense of expected outcomes.
