Thermocouple observations of melting and freezing plateaus for metal-carbon eutectics between the copper and palladium points
Thermocouple observations of melting and freezing plateaus for metal-carbon eutectics between the copper and palladium points
复制标题
铜点和钯点之间金属-碳共晶熔化和凝固平台的热电偶观察
DOI：
10.1088/0026-1394/37/1/10
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
A. Ono
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yoshiro Yamada;F. Sakuma;A. Ono
用R型热电偶观察金属-碳共晶Pd-C、Ni-C和Fe-C的熔化和凝固平台。对于Pd-C，在3 °C/min的加热/冷却速率下，观察到熔化和凝固温度之间没有明显差异。对于Ni-C，差异为0.4 °C，对于Fe-C，差异为1.6 °C。Fe-C的冻结温度显示出对冷却速率的依赖性，并且在0.1 °C/min的加热/冷却速率下，熔融和冻结之间的差异减小到0.5 °C，尽管仍然显著。使用R型热电偶测量的熔融温度对于Pd-C、Ni-C和Fe-C共晶分别为1491 °C、1329 °C和1153 °C，其与先前通过辐射温度计测量的值或文献值在1 °C内一致。坩埚由石墨制成，能够承受加热循环而不会破裂。这三种金属碳共晶的熔点在铜点和钯点之间，是校准和评估高温热电偶的潜在有用的实际参考点。
Melting and freezing plateaus were observed with type-R thermocouples for the metal-carbon eutectics Pd-C, Ni-C, and Fe-C. For Pd-C, no apparent difference between the melting and freezing temperatures was observed at a heating/cooling rate of 3 °C/min. For Ni-C, the difference was 0.4 °C, and for Fe-C, 1.6 °C. The freezing temperature for Fe-C showed dependence on cooling rate, and the difference between the melt and the freeze decreased to 0.5 °C, though still significant, at a heating/cooling rate of 0.1 °C/min. The melting temperatures, measured with type-R thermocouples, were 1491 °C, 1329 °C, and 1153 °C, respectively, for Pd-C, Ni-C, and Fe-C eutectics, which agreed to within 1 °C with the values previously measured by radiation thermometers or the literature values. The crucibles, being made from graphite, were able to withstand heating cycles without breaking. The three metal-carbon eutectics, with melting temperatures between the copper point and the palladium point, are potentially useful practical reference points for calibration and evaluation of high-temperature thermocouples.