MPTP and SNpc DA neuronal vulnerability: Role of dopamine, superoxide and nitric oxide in neurotoxicity. Minireview.
MPTP and SNpc DA neuronal vulnerability: Role of dopamine, superoxide and nitric oxide in neurotoxicity. Minireview.
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DOI：
10.1007/bf03036449
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Smeyne, RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson-Lewis, V;Smeyne, RJ
帕金森病（Parkinson disease，PD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，其特征主要在于大脑黑质（substantia nigra pars rectuata，SNpc）中多巴胺神经元数量的显著减少和纹状体中多巴胺水平的急剧降低。由于我们不知道的原因，多巴胺神经元似乎比大脑中的任何其他神经元更容易受到损伤。虽然对多巴胺神经元损伤的假设包括氧化应激、生长因子下降、兴奋性毒性、SNPC中的炎症和蛋白质聚集，但黑质纹状体多巴胺能系统中的氧化应激引起了大量的关注。在PD的氧化应激假说中，超氧化物、一氧化氮和多巴胺共同创造了一个对多巴胺神经元有害的环境。MPTP（1-甲基-4-苯基-1，2，3，6-四氢吡啶）是研究帕金森病中多巴胺神经元死亡机制的首选工具，已被广泛用于试图找出多巴胺神经元内部和周围发生的事情。在此，我们回顾了多巴胺，超氧化物和一氧化氮在帕金森病的MPTP模型中的多巴胺神经元的死亡中的作用，因为它与帕金森病中多巴胺神经元的死亡有关。
Parkinson disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease of unknown origin that is characterized, mainly, by a significant reduction in the number of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of the brain and a dramatic reduction in dopamine levels in the corpus striatum. For reasons that we do not know, the dopamine neuron seems to be more vulnerable to damage than any other neuron in the brain. Although hypotheses of damage to the dopamine neuron include oxidative stress, growth factor decline, excitotoxicity, inflammation in the SNpc and protein aggregation, oxidative stress in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system garners a significant amount of attention. In the oxidative stress hypothesis of PD, superoxide, nitric oxide and dopamine all conspire to create an environment that can be detrimental to the dopamine neuron. MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine), the tool of choice for investigations into the mechanisms involved in the death of dopamine neurons in PD, has been used extensively in attempts to sort out what happens in and around the dopamine neuron. Herein, we review the roles of dopamine, superoxide and nitric oxide in the demise of the dopamine neuron in the MPTP model of PD as it relates to the death of the dopamine neuron noted in PD.