Liposomes.
Liposomes.
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脂质体。
DOI：
10.1038/scientificamerican0187-102
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
M. Ostro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Ostro
Jty开出的药量是妥协的结果。一方面，所有的药物都有潜在的毒性，这表明应该尽可能少地使用药物。另一方面，药物在血液中被稀释，大量药物被降解，被健康的组织吸收或在从未到达疾病部位的情况下被排泄出来。这种浪费增加了对高剂量的需求。为了平衡这些对立的压力，医生会开出他们认为足够高的剂量来控制患者的问题，但又要足够低，以避免对健康组织造成不可接受的损害。为了减少与这种猜测相关的风险和低效，许多实验室现在正在开发药物输送系统，以改变药物在体内传播的路径。其目标是将所需剂量的药物输送到患病组织，但绕过健康组织，从而提高药物的有效/毒性比。实现这一目标的一个非常有希望的方法是将药物装载到脂质体中，脂质体是由构成细胞膜的磷脂组成的微囊。
Jty prescribed drug dose is the re sult of compromise. On the one hand, all drugs are potentially poisonous, suggesting that the least possible amount should be adminis tered. On the other hand, drugs be come diluted in the blood and large amounts are degraded, taken up by healthy tissues or excreted without ever reaching the site of disease. Such wastage increases the need for high doses. Physicians balance these oppos ing pressures by prescribing doses they think will be high enough to control the patient's problem but low enough to avoid causing unacceptable damage to healthy tissues.To reduce the risk and inefficiency associated with such guesswork, many laboratories are now developing drug delivery systems that alter the path ways by which drugs travel through the body. The goal is to deliver the needed dose of medicine to diseased tissues but to bypass healthy ones, thereby improving the drug's ratio of effectiveness to toxicity. One highly promising approach to the goal is the loading of medication into liposomes, which are microscopic sacs made of the very phospholipids that constitute cell membranes.