Does Psychosocial Stress Impact Cognitive Reappraisal? Behavioral and Neural Evidence.
Does Psychosocial Stress Impact Cognitive Reappraisal? Behavioral and Neural Evidence.
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社会心理压力会影响认知重评吗？
DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01157
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Somerville,LeahH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shermohammed,Maheen;Mehta,PranjalH;Zhang,Joan;Brandes,CassandraM;Chang,LukeJ;Somerville,LeahH
认知重新评价（CR）被认为是一种有效的情绪调节策略。然而，急性应激被认为会损害基于前额叶的神经系统的功能，这可能导致应激下CR的有效性降低。本研究测试了急性应激对CR的行为和神经生物学影响。在进行功能磁共振成像，成人参与者（n= 54）被动地观看或使用CR来调节他们的反应，负面和中性的图片，并提供评级的负面影响，在响应每个图片。一半的参与者经历了类似于特里尔社会压力测试的fMRI适应的急性心理社会压力操作，对照组接受了没有压力成分的平行操作。相对于对照组，压力组在整个扫描过程中表现出更高的压力，如自我报告，心率和唾液皮质醇。与我们的假设相反，我们发现控制组和压力组的重新评价成功率是相等的，对图片的皮肤电反应也是如此。心率减慢是一种通常由令人厌恶的图片引起的生理反应，在压力组中，对负面图片的反应减弱，对中性图片的反应增强。在大脑中，我们发现在PFC和左杏仁核的部分区域，压力引起的重新评估相关活动增加的证据很弱，但这些关系在统计学上是脆弱的。总之，这些研究结果表明，自我报告和神经的影响CR可能是强大的，至少中等水平的压力，通知理论模型的压力对认知和情绪的影响。
Cognitive reappraisal (CR) is regarded as an effective emotion regulation strategy. Acute stress, however, is believed to impair the functioning of prefrontal-based neural systems, which could result in lessened effectiveness of CR under stress. This study tested the behavioral and neurobiological impact of acute stress on CR. While undergoing fMRI, adult participants (n= 54) passively viewed or used CR to regulate their response to negative and neutral pictures and provided ratings of their negative affect in response to each picture. Half of the participants experienced an fMRI-adapted acute psychosocial stress manipulation similar to the Trier Social Stress Test, and a control group received parallel manipulations without the stressful components. Relative to the control group, the stress group exhibited heightened stress as indexed by self-report, heart rate, and salivary cortisol throughout the scan. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that reappraisal success was equivalent in the control and stress groups, as was electrodermal response to the pictures. Heart rate deceleration, a physiological response typically evoked by aversive pictures, was blunted in response to negative pictures and heightened in response to neutral pictures in the stress group. In the brain, we found weak evidence of stress-induced increases of reappraisal-related activity in parts of the PFC and left amygdala, but these relationships were statistically fragile. Together, these findings suggest that both the self-reported and neural effects of CR may be robust to at least moderate levels of stress, informing theoretical models of stress effects on cognition and emotion.