Metabolomics Analysis for Biomarker Discovery: Advances and Challenges
Metabolomics Analysis for Biomarker Discovery: Advances and Challenges
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DOI：
10.2174/092986713804806621
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Guedes de Pinho, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Monteiro, M. S.;Carvalho, M.;Guedes de Pinho, P.
在过去的几十年里，生物医学研究发生了变化，单个基因、转录本、蛋白质或代谢物的研究被覆盖整个基因组、转录组、蛋白质组和代谢组的“组学”方法所取代。代谢组学被定义为对一个系统中所有代谢物的综合分析，与其他“组学”领域相比，它的出现仍然是最近才出现的，但它的特点以及分析技术和模式识别方法的改进极大地促进了它的越来越多的使用。代谢物在生物系统中扮演着重要的角色，疾病会导致生化途径的破坏，这些都不是新概念，这一假设支持了代谢物组学发现生物标志物的可行性。事实上，代谢组学，即多种代谢物的平行评估，已被证明在各个临床领域都有益处。与经典诊断方法和传统临床生物标志物相比，代谢组学在敏感性和特异性方面具有潜在优势。尽管具有潜力，代谢组学仍然保留了一些内在的限制，这些限制对其广泛实施有很大影响-这些限制在生物学和实验测量中。本文将介绍代谢组学的特点、优势、局限性和最新进展，并始终牢记其作为生物标志物发现工具在临床/健康领域的潜在应用。
Over the last decades there has been a change in biomedical research with the search for single genes, transcripts, proteins, or metabolites being substituted by the coverage of the entire genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome with the "omics" approaches. The emergence of metabolomics, defined as the comprehensive analysis of all metabolites in a system, is still recent compared to other "omics" fields, but its particular features and the improvement of both analytical techniques and pattern recognition methods has contributed greatly to its increasingly use. The feasibility of metabolomics for biomarker discovery is supported by the assumption that metabolites are important players in biological systems and that diseases cause disruption of biochemical pathways, which are not new concepts. In fact, metabolomics, meaning the parallel assessment of multiple metabolites, has been shown to have benefits in various clinical areas. Compared to classical diagnostic approaches and conventional clinical biomarkers, metabolomics offers potential advantages in sensitivity and specificity. Despite its potential, metabolomics still retains several intrinsic limitations which have a great impact on its widespread implementation - these limitations in biological and experimental measurements. This review will provide an insight to the characteristics, strengths, limitations, and recent advances in metabolomics, always keeping in mind its potential application in clinical/health areas as a biomarker discovery tool.