Invasive bivalves in fresh waters: impacts from individuals to ecosystems and possible control strategies
Invasive bivalves in fresh waters: impacts from individuals to ecosystems and possible control strategies
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淡水中的入侵双壳类：个体对生态系统的影响和可能的控制策略
作者：
R. Sousa;Adriana Novais;R. Costa;D. Strayer
入侵的双壳类动物可能会对淡水生态系统造成巨大的生态、进化和经济影响。河蚬、Dreissena bugensis、Dreissena polymorpha、Limnoperna Fortunei 和 Sinanodonta woodiana 等物种是分布广泛的超级成功入侵者，但其他一些尚未入侵（或至少不被认为是入侵者）的物种可能在不久的将来成为入侵者。这些物种可以通过多种机制影响水文、生物地球化学循环和生物相互作用，影响范围从个体到生态系统。淡水入侵双壳类动物可以创造非类似的生态系统，给管理带来严重困难，但新技术的出现可能会增强检测早期引入和减轻影响的选择。尽管在过去二十年里，有关这些双壳类动物的生物学知识已大大增加，但仍然存在一些根本性的差距。我们提出了在不久的将来值得探索的新研究方向。
Invasive bivalves may cause great ecological, evolutionary, and economic impacts in freshwater ecosystems. Species such as Corbicula fluminea, Dreissena bugensis, Dreissena polymorpha, Limnoperna fortunei, and Sinanodonta woodiana are widely distributed hyper-successful invaders, but several others not yet invasive (or at least not considered as such) may become so in the near future. These species can affect hydrology, biogeochemical cycling, and biotic interactions through several mechanisms, with impacts ranging from individuals to ecosystems. Freshwater invasive bivalves can create no-analog ecosystems, posing serious difficulties for management, but new techniques are becoming available which may enhance options to detect early introductions and mitigate impacts. Although knowledge about the biology of these bivalves has increased considerably in the last two decades, several fundamental gaps still persist; we suggest new research directions that are worth exploring in the near future.