Experimental creation of superposition of unknown photonic quantum states
Experimental creation of superposition of unknown photonic quantum states
复制标题
未知光子量子态叠加的实验创造
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.94.033844
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发表时间：
2016-09-22
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, Yong-Sheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Xiao-Min;Hu, Meng-Jun;Zhang, Yong-Sheng
作为量子世界最有趣的内在特性之一，量子叠加引起了人们对其产生的极大兴趣。虽然创造两个任意未知状态叠加的通用量子机器已经被证明在物理上是不可能的，但假设两个输入状态与参考状态有非零重叠，则存在一个概率协议。在这里，我们报告了一个概率量子机，实现了两个任意未知光子量子比特的叠加，只要它们与水平偏振态$|H\ensuremath{\rangle}$有非零重叠。总共选择了11个不同的量子比特对对该协议进行测试，我们获得了高达0.99的平均保真度，这表明我们实现的可靠性很高。这种实现可能在量子信息和量子计算中有重要的应用，例如，在量子计算中产生非经典状态和实现信息压缩。
As one of the most intriguing intrinsic properties of the quantum world, quantum superposition provokes great interest in its own generation. Though a universal quantum machine that creates superposition of two arbitrary unknown states has been shown to be physically impossible, a probabilistic protocol exists given that two input states have nonzero overlaps with the referential state. Here we report a probabilistic quantum machine realizing superposition of two arbitrary unknown photonic qubits as long as they have nonzero overlaps with the horizontal polarization state $|H\ensuremath{\rangle}$. A total of 11 different qubit pairs are chosen to test this protocol and we obtain the average fidelity as high as 0.99, which shows the excellent reliability of our realization. This realization may have significant applications in quantum information and quantum computation, e.g., generating nonclassical states and realizing information compression in a quantum computation.