The Impact of Informal Caregiving Intensity on Women's Retirement in the United States
The Impact of Informal Caregiving Intensity on Women's Retirement in the United States
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DOI：
10.1007/s12062-016-9154-2
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Coyte, Peter C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacobs, Josephine C.;Van Houtven, Courtney H.;Coyte, Peter C.
随着退休年龄的个人在留在劳动力大军的同时提供非正式护理的压力越来越大，了解非正式护理需求对个人退休决定的影响是重要的。本文探讨了不同强度的非正式照料是否会导致美国女性退休。利用全国成熟女性纵向调查，我们用固定效应的两阶段最小二乘模型控制了时间不变的异质性和时变的偏倚来源。我们发现，每周至少提供20小时非正式护理的女性比其他女性退休的可能性高1至3个百分点。我们还发现，当未观察到的异质性被用固定效应控制时，我们不能拒绝异质性。这些发现表明，对于高强度照顾者的子集来说，如果不考虑灵活的工作时间安排或对工作照顾者的其他支持，鼓励非正式护理和延迟退休的政策可能是不可行的。
With increasing pressure on retirement-aged individuals to provide informal care while remaining in the work-force, it is important to understand the impact of informal care demands on individuals' retirement decisions. This paper explores whether different intensities of informal caregiving can lead to retirement for women in the United States. Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Mature Women, we control for time-invariant heterogeneity and for time-varying sources of bias with a two-stage least squares model with fixed effects. We find that women who provide at least 20 hours of informal care per week are 1 to 3 percentage pointsmore likely to retire relative to other women. We also find that when unobserved heterogeneity is controlled for with fixed effects, we cannot reject exogeneity. These findings suggest that for a sub-set of high intensity caregivers, policies encouraging both informal care and later retirementmay not be feasible without allowances for flexible scheduling or other supports for working caregivers.