Governance: The Collision of Politics and Cooperation
Governance: The Collision of Politics and Cooperation
复制标题
治理：政治与合作的碰撞
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Richard F. Callahan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richard F. Callahan
从1978年到2002年，三个新成立的公共机构在洛杉矶县建造了区域铁路项目。洛杉矶县交通委员会、洛杉矶大都会交通管理局和阿拉米达走廊交通管理局，作为新成立的公共机构，不亚于地区治理的实验。对这些机构的传统理解只能部分解释它们的成功和失败。增进理解的一条途径是将联合收割机关于设计新公共机构的政治学研究与关于处理集体行动问题的合作研究结合起来。由此出现的是一个不为人知的美国政治故事：促进地区治理结构合作的机制的演变。得出了四个主要结论：（1）冲突是不可避免的;（2）尽管存在政治问题，公共机构也能取得成功;（3）成功的区域解决方案具有强烈的地方性;（4）合作产生于创造新资源的供应方机制，而不是现有资源的分配。总体而言，制度分析发现，在每一种情况下，共同寻求制度的反应，以克服政治设计问题。人们发现，政治的界限既不是随机的，也不是注定的。同样，治理解决方案的出现既不是随机的，也不是注定的。
Three newly created public agencies built regional rail projects in Los Angeles County from 1978 through 2002. The Los Angeles County Transportation Commission, the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority, and the Alameda Corridor Transportation Authority, as newly created public agencies, were nothing less than experiments in regional governance. Conventional understanding of these agencies only partially explains their successes and failures. A path to improved understanding is to combine research on the politics of designing new public agencies with research on cooperation in dealing with collective action problems. What emerges is an untold story of American politics: the evolution of mechanisms that promote cooperation in regional governance structures. Four major findings emerge: (1) conflict is inevitable; (2) public agencies can succeed despite the problems of politics; (3) successful regional solutions are intensely local; and (4) cooperation emerges from supply-side mechanisms that create new resources rather than from allocation of existing resources. Overall, institutional analysis uncovered in each case a shared search for institutional responses to overcome political design problems. The limits of politics were found to be neither random nor predestined. Likewise, the emergence of governance solutions was neither random nor foreordained.