Using bedding in a test environment critically affects 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in laboratory rats
Using bedding in a test environment critically affects 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations in laboratory rats
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2010.05.013
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Schwarting, R. K. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Natusch, C.;Schwarting, R. K. W.
大鼠根据其发育阶段、当前状态和情境因素发出不同类别的超声波发声。一类，包括所谓的50-kHz叫声，通常用于大鼠预期或实际经历奖励刺激的情况，如被实验者发痒，或当用滥用药物（如精神兴奋剂安非他明）治疗时。当暴露于干净的饲养笼中时，大鼠发出50-kHz的叫声。在此，我们表明这种发声效果可以取决于测试情况的细微细节，即新鲜啮齿动物垫料的存在。实际上，我们发现成年雄性在有垫料的笼中比在无垫料的笼中发出更多的声音。此外，两个实验表明成年大鼠在新鲜寝具上被挠痒痒时发出更多的50-kHz叫声。此外，ip安非他明导致了50多个-在活动箱中含有这种寝具与裸寝具相比的kHz发声在运动的情况下，对精神活动的分析没有产生这种组间差异和中心时间，除了在床上测试的大鼠的饲养持续时间。此外，发声的时间曲线与行为激活的时间曲线并不平行，因为发声的影响在心理激活之前达到峰值并再次开始下降。50-kHz呼叫不是心理激活的简单相关性一个选择程序的最终实验表明，大鼠更喜欢床上条件总的来说，我们假设床上环境诱导积极的情感状态，这增加了50 kHz呼叫的可能性基于这些发现，我们建议背景因素，如床上用品，应该得到更多的研究关注，因为它们可以明显降低测试情况的厌恶性。此外，我们建议更常规地测量大鼠超声发声，特别是在研究情绪和动机时，因为这种分析可以提供关于受试者状态的信息，其可见行为可能无法检测到（C）2010 Elsevier Inc保留所有权利
Rats utter distinct classes of ultrasonic vocalizations depending on their developmental stage, current state, and situational factors One class, comprising the so-called 50-kHz calls, is typical for situations where rats are anticipating or actually experiencing rewarding stimuli, like being tickled by an experimenter, or when treated with drugs of abuse, such as the psychostimulant amphetamine Furthermore, rats emit 50-kHz calls when exposed to a clean housing cage Here, we show that such vocalization effects can depend on subtle details of the testing situation, namely the presence of fresh rodent bedding Actually, we found that adult males vocalize more in bedded cages than in bare ones Also, two experiments showed that adult rats emitted more 50-kHz calls when tickled on fresh bedding Furthermore, ip amphetamine led to more 50-kHz vocalization in activity boxes containing such bedding as compared to bare ones The analysis of psychomotor activation did not yield such group differences in case of locomotion and centre time, except for rearing duration in rats tested on bedding. Also, the temporal profile of vocalization did not parallel that of behavioural activation, since the effects on vocalization peaked and started to decline again before those of psychomotor activation Therefore. 50-kHz calls are not a simple correlate of psychomotor activation A final experiment with a choice procedure showed that rats prefer bedded conditions Overall, we assume that bedded environments induce a positive affective state, which increases the likelihood of 50-kHz calling Based on these findings, we recommend that contextual factors, like bedding, should receive more research attention, since they can apparently decrease the aversiveness of a testing situation Also, we recommend to more routinely measure rat ultrasonic vocalization, especially when studying emotion and motivation, since this analysis can provide information about the subject's status, which may not be detected in its visible behaviour (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved