Resilience of marine invertebrate communities during the early Cenozoic hyperthermals
Resilience of marine invertebrate communities during the early Cenozoic hyperthermals
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-020-58986-5
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发表时间：
2020-02-07
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Martindale, Rowan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Foster, William J.;Garvie, Christopher L.;Martindale, Rowan C.
新生代的高温事件，包括古新世-始新世最热事件，为研究气候变暖对海洋生态系统的潜在影响提供了机会。在这里，我们研究了墨西哥湾沿岸平原（美国）白垩纪晚期至始新世地层中保存的浅层底栖海洋群落。与白垩纪末大规模灭绝后的生态变化形成鲜明对比的是，我们的数据表明，新生代早期的高温并未对墨西哥湾沿岸平原软体动物群落的一般多样性和组成产生长期影响。我们认为这些群落能够适应气候变化，因为软体动物比其他类群更能适应高温，正如它们的生理学和进化历史所证明的那样。在恢复力方面，这些群落不同于其他浅水碳酸盐生态系统，例如珊瑚礁群落，后者在新生代早期高温期间记录了显着的变化。这些数据突显了群落类型的显着不同的反应，即软体动物几乎难以察觉的反应与有孔虫和珊瑚礁动物群的显着更替。对软体动物群落的影响可能很小，因为不利的条件并没有摧毁整个墨西哥湾沿岸平原，一旦恶劣的环境条件得到改善，软体动物就可以迅速重新定居在空出的地区。
The hyperthermal events of the Cenozoic, including the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, provide an opportunity to investigate the potential effects of climate warming on marine ecosystems. Here, we examine the shallow benthic marine communities preserved in the late Cretaceous to Eocene strata on the Gulf Coastal Plain (United States). In stark contrast to the ecological shifts following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, our data show that the early Cenozoic hyperthermals did not have a long-term impact on the generic diversity nor composition of the Gulf Coastal Plain molluscan communities. We propose that these communities were resilient to climate change because molluscs are better adapted to high temperatures than other taxa, as demonstrated by their physiology and evolutionary history. In terms of resilience, these communities differ from other shallow-water carbonate ecosystems, such as reef communities, which record significant changes during the early Cenozoic hyperthermals. These data highlight the strikingly different responses of community types, i.e., the almost imperceptible response of molluscs versus the marked turnover of foraminifera and reef faunas. The impact on molluscan communities may have been low because detrimental conditions did not devastate the entire Gulf Coastal Plain, allowing molluscs to rapidly recolonise vacated areas once harsh environmental conditions ameliorated.