Familiality of neural preparation and response control in childhood attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
Familiality of neural preparation and response control in childhood attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
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DOI：
10.1017/s003329171200270x
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Banaschewski, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Albrecht, B.;Brandeis, D.;Banaschewski, T.
背景注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者表现出多种注意功能障碍。虽然高遗传率表明一个强大的遗传影响，从基因和环境因素的ADHD表型的病因途径还没有很好地理解。跟踪偏离任务处理的时间过程中使用事件相关的电生理脑活动的特点熟悉的认知功能的顺序，从准备到反应控制ADHD的影响。采用两种不同注意负荷的提示连续操作测试的行为和电生理参数，对ADHD混合型男孩（n = 97）、其非ADHD兄弟姐妹（n = 27）和无ADHD家族史的对照儿童（n = 43）进行准备和反应控制评估。与对照组相比，患有ADHD和未受影响的兄弟姐妹的儿童表现出更多的变量表现和更多的遗漏错误。与对照组相比，ADHD儿童及其未受影响的兄弟姐妹的预备线索P3和线索后的关联负变（CNV）均减少。与对照组相比，ADHD患者的NoGo-P3减少，而未受影响的兄弟姐妹位于中间，但与其他两组没有差异。Go-P3没有发现明显的熟悉性效应。更好的任务表现与更高的CNV和P3振幅进一步相关。表现和电生理参数的损害反映了准备过程，在一定程度上也反映了抑制反应控制，特别是在高注意力负荷下，似乎是ADHD中常见的因素，因此可能构成了该疾病功能相关的内在表型。
Background. Patients with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit difficulties in multiple attentional functions. Although high heritability rates suggest a strong genetic impact, aetiological pathways from genes and environmental factors to the ADHD phenotype are not well understood. Tracking the time course of deviant task processing using event-related electrophysiological brain activity should characterize the impact of familiality on the sequence of cognitive functions from preparation to response control in ADHD.Method. Preparation and response control were assessed using behavioural and electrophysiological parameters of two versions of a cued continuous performance test with varying attentional load in boys with ADHD combined type (n = 97), their non-affected siblings (n = 27) and control children without a family history of ADHD (n = 43).Results. Children with ADHD and non-affected siblings showed more variable performance and made more omission errors than controls. The preparatory Cue-P3 and contingent negative variation (CNV) following cues were reduced in both ADHD children and their non-affected siblings compared with controls. The NoGo-P3 was diminished in ADHD compared with controls whilst non-affected siblings were located intermediate but did not differ from both other groups. No clear familiality effects were found for the Go-P3. Better task performance was further associated with higher CNV and P3 amplitudes.Conclusions. Impairments in performance and electrophysiological parameters reflecting preparatory processes and to some extend also for inhibitory response control, especially under high attentional load, appeared to be familially driven in ADHD and may thus constitute functionally relevant endophenotypes for the disorder.