Seasonal cycles in whole-body proximate composition and energy content of forage fish vary with water depth
Seasonal cycles in whole-body proximate composition and energy content of forage fish vary with water depth
复制标题
饲料鱼全身近似成分和能量含量的季节周期随水深变化
作者：
J. Vollenweider;R. Heintz;L. Schaufler;Robert F. Bradshaw
饲料鱼是顶级捕食者鱼类、海洋哺乳动物和海鸟的主要猎物，因此对饲料鱼的营养质量进行量化对于了解上层营养水平是不可或缺的。由于混淆效应，许多现有的关于饲料物种身体组成的报告不具有可比性。本研究系统评估了2001 - 2004年阿拉斯加东南部地区（57.2626 N/133.7394 W） 16种牧草近似值组成和能量含量的变化。能量和脂质含量的变化与生境有关，上层浮游动物变化最大，中上层浮游动物居中，底层浮游动物相对不变。由于高纬度地区生长季节短，以及繁殖和生长的能量分配策略，季节是变异的最大来源。在不同季节的物种中，能量和脂质在夏季增加，在冬季下降。身体成分的年度差异发生在能量含量的高峰期。提供了生物能量学模型的采样建议和指导。
Quantifying the nutritional quality of forage fish is integral for understanding upper trophic levels as forage fish are the dominant prey for top predator fish, marine mammals, and sea birds. Many existing reports documenting body composition of forage species are not comparable due to confounding effects. This study systematically assessed the variability in proximate composition and energy content of 16 forage species in southeastern Alaska (57.2626 N/133.7394 W) between 2001 and 2004. Variation in energy and lipid contents was related to habitat, epipelagic planktivores varying most, mesopelagics intermediate, and demersal species relatively invariable. Season was the greatest source of variation as a result of short growing seasons at high latitude and energy allocation strategies for reproduction and growth. Among species that varied seasonally, energy and lipid increased over summer and declined during winter. Annual differences in body composition occurred during periods of peak energy content. Sampling recommendations and guidance for bioenergetics models are provided.