Brain Volume Change and Cognitive Trajectories in Aging
Brain Volume Change and Cognitive Trajectories in Aging
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DOI：
10.1037/neu0000447
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Mungas, Dan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fletcher, Evan;Gavett, Brandon;Mungas, Dan
目的：研究如何纵向认知轨迹与大脑基线测量和变化的脑叶体积在种族/民族和认知不同的样本的老年人。方法：参与者是460名老年人参加了纵向老化研究。认知结果是情景记忆，语义记忆，执行功能和空间能力的措施，来自西班牙语和英语神经心理评估量表（SENAS）。四个认知结果作为平行的纵向过程的潜变量多层次建模确定了每个结果的截距和解释高度相关斜率之间协方差的二阶全局变化因子。我们研究了基线脑体积（脑叶灰质、海马和白色高信号）和脑体积变化（脑叶灰质）与认知拦截和整体认知变化的关系。使用潜变量方法将肺叶体积分解为全局和特定分量。结果如下：认知变化与大脑灰质体积变化的相关性最强，整体灰质变化和特定颞叶灰质变化具有强烈的独立影响。基线白色物质高信号和海马体积对认知下降的影响超过了灰质变化。基线脑叶灰质与认知能力下降有关，但除灰质变化外没有贡献。结论：灰质体积变化，尤其是颞叶变化对认知功能下降有很大影响。颞叶灰质变化对认知能力下降的强烈影响可能反映了颞叶结构的参与，颞叶结构对晚年认知健康至关重要，但也容易受到衰老疾病的影响。
Objective: Examine how longitudinal cognitive trajectories relate to brain baseline measures and change in lobar volumes in a racially/ethnically and cognitively diverse sample of older adults. Method: Participants were 460 older adults enrolled in a longitudinal aging study. Cognitive outcomes were measures of episodic memory, semantic memory, executive function, and spatial ability derived from the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales (SENAS). Latent variable multilevel modeling of the four cognitive outcomes as parallel longitudinal processes identified intercepts for each outcome and a second order global change factor explaining covariance among the highly correlated slopes. We examined how baseline brain volumes (lobar gray matter, hippocampus, and white matter hyperintensity) and change in brain volumes (lobar gray matter) were associated with cognitive intercepts and global cognitive change. Lobar volumes were dissociated into global and specific components using latent variable methods. Results: Cognitive change was most strongly associated with brain gray matter volume change, with strong independent effects of global gray matter change and specific temporal lobe gray matter change. Baseline white matter hyperintensity and hippocampal volumes had significant incremental effects on cognitive decline beyond gray matter change. Baseline lobar gray matter was related to cognitive decline, but did not contribute beyond gray matter change. Conclusion: Cognitive decline was strongly influenced by gray matter volume change and, especially, temporal lobe change. The strong influence of temporal lobe gray matter change on cognitive decline may reflect involvement of temporal lobe structures that are critical for late life cognitive health but also are vulnerable to diseases of aging.