Community greenness, blood pressure, and hypertension in urban dwellers: The 33 Communities Chinese Health Study.
Community greenness, blood pressure, and hypertension in urban dwellers: The 33 Communities Chinese Health Study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.068
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Bo-yi Yang;I. Markevych;M. Bloom;J. Heinrich;Yuming Guo;L. Morawska;S. Dharmage;L. Knibbs;B. Jalaludin;P. Jalava;X. Zeng;L. Hu;Kangkang Liu;G. Dong
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文献类型：
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作者：
Bo-yi Yang;I. Markevych;M. Bloom;J. Heinrich;Yuming Guo;L. Morawska;S. Dharmage;L. Knibbs;B. Jalaludin;P. Jalava;X. Zeng;L. Hu;Kangkang Liu;G. Dong
BackgroundLiving in greener areas has many health benefits, but evidence concerning the effects on blood pressure remains mixed. We sought to assess associations between community greenness and both blood pressure and hypertension in Chinese urban dwellers, and whether the associations were mediated by air pollution, body mass index, and physical activity.MethodsWe analyzed data from 24,845 adults participating in the 33 Communities Chinese Health Study, which was conducted in Northeastern China during 2009. We measured each participant's blood pressure according to a standardized protocol. We assessed community greenness using two satellite-derived vegetation indexes – the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI). Particulate matter ≤2.5 μm and nitrogen dioxide were used as proxies of ambient air pollution. We applied generalized linear mixed models to investigate the association between greenness and blood pressure. We also performed mediation analyses.ResultsLiving in greener areas was associated with lower blood pressure and hypertension prevalence; an interquartile range increase in both NDVI500-mand SAVI500-mwere significantly associated with reductions in systolic blood pressure of 0.82 mm Hg (95% CI: −1.13, −0.51) and 0.89 mm Hg (95% CI: −1.21, −0.57), respectively. The same increases in greenness were also significantly associated with a 5% (95% CI: 1%, 8%) and 5% (95% CI: 1%, 9%) lower odds of having hypertension, respectively. These associations remained consistent in sensitivity analyses. The associations were stronger among women than men. Air pollutants and body mass index partly mediated the associations, but there was no evidence of mediation effects for physical activity.ConclusionsOur findings indicate beneficial associations between community greenness and blood pressure in Chinese adults, especially for women. Air pollution and body mass index only partly mediated the associations.
