The face typicality-recognizability relationship: Encoding or retrieval locus?
The face typicality-recognizability relationship: Encoding or retrieval locus?
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03211818
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
O'Toole, AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deffenbacher, KA;Johanson, J;O'Toole, AJ
使用交叉识别记忆测试范式，我们测试了面孔典型性（Vokey & Read，1992，1995）的记忆性成分对面孔识别的影响主要是由于学习过程中发生的编码过程还是由于测试时发生的提取过程。在研究中，面孔要么是真实的形式或在中度（实验1）或极端（实验2）水平的漫画。研究中的面部漫画程度变量与测试中的漫画程度变量交叉。增加记忆力对增加命中率的主要贡献是通过增加学习时的独特性。测试中增加的独特性也有助于大幅降低误报率。信号检测分析证实，获得的镜像效应主要是刺激/记忆为基础的，而不是基于决策。与Vokey和Read（1992）的结论相反，我们发现，人脸记忆能力的提高会导致人脸识别能力的提高，这至少是由于对所研究人脸的编码增强，而不是由于对干扰人脸的拒绝增加。
Using a crossover recognition memory testing paradigm, we tested whether the effects on face recognition of the memorability component of face typicality (Vokey & Read, 1992, 1995) are due primarily to the encoding process occurring during study or to the retrieval process occurring at test. At study, faces were either veridical in form or at moderate (Experiment 1) or extreme (Experiment 2) levels of caricature. The variable of degree of facial caricature at study was crossed with the degree of caricature at test. The primary contribution of increased memorability to increased hit rate was through increased distinctiveness at study. Increased distinctiveness at test contributed to substantial reductions in the false alarm rate, too. Signal detection analyses confirmed that the mirror effects obtained were primarily stimulus/memory-based, rather than decision-based. Contrary to the conclusion of Vokey and Read (1992), we found that increments in face memorability produced increments in face recognition that were due at least as much to enhanced encoding of studied faces as they were to increased rejection of distractor faces.