Temporal effects of nicotine nasal spray and gum on nicotine withdrawal symptoms
Temporal effects of nicotine nasal spray and gum on nicotine withdrawal symptoms
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DOI：
10.1007/s002130050744
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Moyer, TP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hurt, RD;Offord, KP;Moyer, TP
尼古丁喷雾剂和尼古丁口香糖已被发现在缓解尼古丁戒断症状方面有效。在这项随机单盲研究中，91名吸烟者被随机分配到单一剂量的活性尼古丁鼻喷剂(n=29)、活性尼古丁口香糖(n=31)、生理盐水安慰剂鼻喷剂(n=16)或安慰剂口香糖(n=15)。在隔夜戒烟后，受试者重复完成视觉模拟评分，以评估尼古丁戒断症状，时间超过30分钟(从-30分钟到0)，以及在单剂量研究药物治疗后120分钟。这一序列在一天中进行了3次。尼古丁戒断症状以41分视觉模拟评分(1=不戒断，41=极端戒断)进行评估。仅在初始阶段，在给药后的5、10、30和120分钟采集血清尼古丁水平的血样。受试者平均(+/-SD)年龄为38.6(+/-10.1)岁，女性占48%，吸烟率为24.5(+/-7.8)支/天，吸烟年限为19.9(+/-10.0)年。与单剂4毫克尼古丁口香糖相比，单剂1毫克尼古丁鼻腔喷雾剂对吸烟的渴望提供了更直接的缓解。活性尼古丁喷雾剂和尼古丁口香糖在5分钟和10分钟时血清尼古丁浓度相近，而尼古丁喷雾剂在30分钟和120分钟时血清尼古丁浓度较高。戒断症状的变化与血清尼古丁水平无关。我们的发现为根据需要使用尼古丁鼻腔喷雾控制戒断症状提供了理论基础，可能与其他作用时间更长的药物联合使用。
Nicotine nasal spray and nicotine gum have been found to be effective in relieving nicotine withdrawal symptoms. In this randomized single-blind study, 91 cigarette smokers were randomly assigned to a single 1 mg dose of active nicotine nasal spray (n = 29), active 4 mg nicotine gum (n = 31), saline placebo nasal spray (n = 16) or placebo gum (n = 15). Following overnight abstinence, subjects repeatedly completed visual analog scales for assessing nicotine withdrawal symptoms over 30 min preceding (time -30 min to time 0) and 120 min following a single dose of study medication. This sequence was performed 3 times during the day. Nicotine withdrawal symptoms were assessed on a 41-point visual analog scale (1 = no withdrawal, 41 = extreme withdrawal). At the initial session only, blood samples for serum nicotine levels were taken at baseline, then at 5, 10, 30 and 120 min following study drug administration. The mean (+/- SD) age of the subjects was 38.6 (+/-10.1) years, 48% were females, smoking rate was 24.5 (+/-7.8) cigarettes per day, and years of smoking was 19.9 (+/-10.0). A single I mg dose of nicotine nasal spray provided more immediate relief for craving for a cigarette compared to a single 4 mg dose of nicotine gum. Serum venous nicotine levels for the active nicotine nasal spray and nicotine gum were comparable at 5 and 10 min while the levels were higher for nicotine gum at 30 and 120 min. Changes in withdrawal symptoms were not found to be related to serum venous nicotine levels. Our findings provide a rationale for the as needed use of nicotine nasal spray to control withdrawal symptoms, possibly in combination with other medications with longer acting effects.