Latent image stabilization in nuclear emulsions for cosmic-ray imaging

Latent image stabilization in nuclear emulsions for cosmic-ray imaging
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用于宇宙射线成像的核乳剂中的潜像稳定

DOI:
10.1016/j.nima.2020.164163
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kunihiro Morishima
Kunihiro Morishima
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tadaaki Tani;Akira Nishio;Takayuki Uchida;Kunihiro Morishima

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潜影稳定性是核乳胶用于宇宙线成像的重要特性之一。所研究的乳剂由AgBr I颗粒(直径约200 nm)和作为新型潜影稳定剂的苯并噻唑化合物(添加剂Ⅰ)组成,并用空气中光电子产额谱(PYSA)进行了表征。根据潜像形成的机理对观察到的结果进行了讨论。潜像中心由小的Ag簇组成,并且位于具有+1/2电荷的位置,因此表示为Agn+ 1 scin 2。潜像中心的生长过程是电子被Ag n− 1+ 1 scin 2捕获以形成Ag n− 1− 1 scin 2(电子过程),以及间隙银离子附着到Ag n− 1− 1 scin 2以形成Ag n+ 1 scin 2(离子过程)。因此认为潜像褪色的第一步是银离子的放电以形成Ag n-1 - 1 scin 2,第二步是Ag n-1 - 1 scin 2的氧化以形成Ag n-1+ 1 scin 2。本文提出并经PYSA证实,添加剂Ⅰ开环生成巯基,在潜影中心形成难溶的抗氧化银盐,从而抑制了潜影褪色的第一步。本文讨论了宇宙线成像用核乳胶的潜像稳定问题。
Latent image stability is one of the most important characteristics of nuclear emulsions for cosmic-ray imaging. The emulsions studied are composed of AgBrI grains (about 200 nm in diameter) with a benzothiazolium compound (Additive Ⅰ) as a new latent-image stabilizer, and characterized by means of photoelectron yield spectroscopy in air (PYSA). The results thus observed are discussed in the light of the mechanism of latent image formation. A latent image center is composed of a small Ag cluster, and situated at a site with electric charge of+ 1/2, thus being expressed as Agn+ 1∕ 2. The growth processes for a latent image center are the trapping of an electron by Ag n− 1+ 1∕ 2 to form Ag n− 1− 1∕ 2 (electronic process), and the attachment of an interstitial silver ion to Ag n− 1− 1∕ 2 to form Ag n+ 1∕ 2 (ionic process). It is thus considered that the first step of a latent image fading is its discharge of a silver ion to form Ag n− 1− 1∕ 2, and that the second step is the oxidation of Ag n− 1− 1∕ 2 to form Ag n− 1+ 1∕ 2. It is proposed and has been confirmed by means of PYSA that Additive Ⅰ opens its ring to disclose–SH and depresses the first step of latent image fading by forming on a latent image center barely soluble silver salt with tolerance to oxidation. Discussions have been made on latent image stabilization in nuclear emulsions for cosmic-ray imaging.
DOI: --
发表时间: 1987
期刊: Journal of imaging science
影响因子: --
作者:
R. K. Hallstone;N. B. Liebert;M. Levy;J. F. Hamilton
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