Early concurrent and longitudinal symptoms of ADHD and ODD: relations to different types of inhibitory control and working memory
Early concurrent and longitudinal symptoms of ADHD and ODD: relations to different types of inhibitory control and working memory
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01811.x
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发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Bohlin, Gunilla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brocki, Karin C.;Nyberg, Lilianne;Bohlin, Gunilla
背景：本研究的目的是探讨三种不同类型的抑制性控制--任务内干扰控制、任务外干扰控制和优势反应抑制--以及两种类型的工作记忆--语言记忆和空间记忆--与注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)和对立违抗性障碍(ODD)早期症状的关系。方法：72名学龄前儿童，其中1/3被确定为ADHD和/或ODD的高危人群，完成了旨在测量抑制控制和工作记忆的神经心理学任务。通过父母和教师对ADHD和ODD的DSM-IV标准的评分来衡量行为症状。结果：我们的结果表明，不同类型的抑制性控制是ADHD并发和纵向症状的良好预测因子，而不是奇怪的。然而，工作记忆与ADHD或奇怪的症状之间并没有同时或纵向的联系。结论：这项研究强调有必要分离复杂的执行过程，并将其分解成组成部分，以便正确理解ADHD和ODD的神经心理学根源。
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate how three different types of inhibitory control - interference control within task, interference control outside task, and prepotent response inhibition - and two types of working memory - verbal and spatial - would relate to early symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), both concurrently and longitudinally. Methods: Seventy-two preschoolers, 1/3 who had been identified as being at risk for developing ADHD and/or ODD, completed neuropsychological tasks designed to measure inhibitory control and working memory. Behavioral symptoms were measured through parental and teacher ratings of the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD and ODD. Results: Our results suggest distinct types of inhibitory control as being good predictors of concurrent and longitudinal symptoms of ADHD, rather than ODD. However, no associations were obtained between working memory and ADHD or ODD symptoms either concurrently or longitudinally. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the need to isolate complex executive processes and break them down into components in order to properly understand the neuropsychological roots involved in ADHD and ODD.