Dentin matrix proteins
Dentin matrix proteins
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0722.1998.tb02177.x
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Butler, WT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butler, WT
牙本质发生是在离成牙细胞周围很近的地方发生的高度可控的事件；它包括细胞外胶原原纤维的形成，作为板状碳酸盐磷灰石晶体沉积的基础。成牙髓细胞也形成一组基质蛋白，可能在矿化前沿分泌。虽然这些蛋白质大多数与骨骼相似，与软组织蛋白质不同，但牙本质含有两种独特的蛋白质。牙本质磷蛋白（DPP）富含天冬氨酸(D)和磷丝氨酸（S*），并结合大量钙。DPP在蛋白质的离散区域含有重复的DS*S*和S*D序列。DS*S*重复序列形成磷酸盐和羧酸盐的脊状结构，而S*D序列则在肽链的两侧形成磷酸盐和羧酸盐的脊状结构。这些结构无疑具有重要的功能意义，因为DPP参与促进矿物起爆和控制矿物的大小和形状。牙本质唾液蛋白（DSP）是一种仅存在于牙本质中的53 kDa糖蛋白，富含天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸和甘氨酸。DSP是由成牙细胞和前成釉细胞制造的，但不是由成骨细胞或其他类型的细胞制造的。现在已知DSP基因与DPP基因是连续的。因此，DSP和DPP必须作为一个单一的蛋白质分泌，然后蛋白水解加工形成在牙本质基质中发现的单个成分。值得注意的是，DSP/DPP基因已经定位在人类染色体4q21上的一个与II型牙本质发育不全有关的位点。
Dentinogenesis consists of highly controlled events occurring a short distance from the periphery of odontoblasts; it involves formation of extracellular collagen fibrils that act as an undergirding for deposition of plate-like carbonate apatite crystals. Odontoblasts also form a set of matrix proteins that are probably secreted at the mineralization front. Although most of these proteins are similar to those of bone, and differ from soft tissue proteins, dentin contains two unique proteins. Dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) is rich in aspartic acid (D) and phophoserine (S*) and binds large amounts of calcium. DPP contains repeating sequences of DS*S* and S*D in discrete areas of the protein. DS*S* repeats form ridges of phosphates and carboxyllates while the S*D sequences give rise to ridges with phophates and carboxyllates on opposing sides of the peptide chain. These structures undoubtedly have functional significance since DPP is involved in promotion of mineral initiation and in control of mineral size and shape. Dentin sialoprotein (DSP) found only in dentin, is a 53 kDa glycoprotein rich in aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid and glycine. DSP is made by odontoblasts and also by pre-ameloblasts, but not by osteoblasts or other cell types. The gene for DSP is now known to be continuous with that of DPP. Thus, DSP and DPP must be secreted as a single protein which is then proteolytically processed to form the individual compnents found in the dentin matrix. Significantly, the DSP/DPP gene has been localized to human chromosome 4q21 at a site implicated in dentinogenesis imperfecta type II.