The Welfare State and Equality: Structural and Ideological Roots of Public Expenditures
The Welfare State and Equality: Structural and Ideological Roots of Public Expenditures
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福利国家与平等：公共支出的结构和意识形态根源
DOI：
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Wilensky
中科院分区：
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作者：
H. Wilensky
196 年代期间，这种利息的唯一原因是其自身的国际收支问题。问题三涉及从 196 年代末到 1973 年 9 月在内罗毕发表二十国委员会《第一份改革纲要》期间改革国际货币体系的努力。这里对汇率制度的强调有些夸大了。尽管关于汇率灵活性问题的背景材料已经介绍得很好，但事实是，二十国委员会并未广泛讨论汇率制度本身。这一部分还因未能提出改革谈判的“欧洲观点”而受到影响，这种观点强调了欧洲人的重要性，部分原因是出于可兑换或结算安排的政治原因，这些安排将对美国的经济政策构成限制。我的大部分反对意见都与本书的组织有关。但这些缺陷还不足以严重影响其整体实用性。只要在国际政治或经济学课程中使用它的教师能够提供自己的讨论框架和自己的问题（迈尔提供的问题通常与课文材料没有什么直接关系），这本书对学生来说应该非常有用。它确实包含一些缺陷——提到了置信度问题（第 14 页），但没有立即定义；没有明确指出（第 28 页）国际货币基金组织协定条款中关于控制的禁令主要适用于经常账户交易；并且没有提供美国1950年至1971年国际交易中“持续赤字”的定义（第98页）；但这样的缺陷很小。这是一本非常有用且写得很好的书。如果它有一个索引并且所有对源材料的引用都收集在一个地方，那就更有价值了。
during the 196os and that the only reason for such interest was its own balance-of-payments problems. Problem III deals with efforts to reform the international monetary system from the late 196os up until the publication of the Committee of Twenty's "First Outline of Reform" in Nairobi in September 1973. Here the emphasis on the exchange-rate regime is somewhat exaggerated. Although the background materials on the issue of exchange-rate flexibility are well presented, the fact is that the exchange-rate regime itself was not discussed extensively by the Committee of Twenty. This portion also suffers from an associated failure to present the "European view" of the reform negotiations-a view which emphasized the importance to the Europeans partly for political reasons of convertibility, or settlement, arrangements that would establish constraints on United States economic policies. Most of my objections concern the organization of the book; but these defects are not sufficiently important to detract substantially from its overall usefulness. As long as a teacher using it in a course on international politics or economics is able to supply his own framework for the discussion and his own questions-the questions provided by Meier often have little direct relation to the text material-the book should be very useful to students. It does contain a few flaws-the confidence problem is mentioned (p. 14) but is not immediately defined; it is not made clear (p. 28) that the prohibition in the IMF Articles of Agreement on controls applies primarily to current account transactions; and no definition of the United States "persistent deficit" in its international transactions from 1950 to 1971 is provided (p. 98); but such flaws are minor. This is a very useful and well-written book. It would be even more valuable if it had an index and if all the references to source materials were collected in one place.