Internal feedback in the cortical perception-action loop enables fast and accurate behavior.
Internal feedback in the cortical perception-action loop enables fast and accurate behavior.
复制标题
皮质感知-行动环路中的内部反馈可实现快速而准确的行为。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2300445120
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Doyle,JohnC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li,JingShuang;Sarma,AnishA;Sejnowski,TerrenceJ;Doyle,JohnC
动物在不可预测的环境中平稳可靠地移动。利用控制理论，感觉运动控制模型假设来自环境的感觉信息会导致动作，然后动作会对环境产生反馈，从而创建一个单一的、单向的感知-动作循环。然而，感觉运动回路在感觉和运动通路中包含内部延迟，这可能导致不稳定的控制。我们在这里表明，这些延迟可以补偿的内部反馈信号流向后，从运动到感觉区。这种内部反馈在神经感觉运动系统中是普遍存在的，我们展示了内部反馈如何补偿内部延迟。这是通过过滤掉自我产生的和其他可预测的变化来实现的，这样不可预测的，可操作的信息可以通过最快的组件快速传输到行动，有效地压缩感官输入，以更有效地使用前馈通路：快速，巨大的神经元束传递的信号不一定比许多较小的神经元束传递的信号准确，但它们对于快速和准确的行为至关重要。我们使用一个数学上易于处理的控制模型来表明，内部反馈在实现状态估计、功能定位（皮层的不同部分如何控制身体的不同部分）和注意力方面具有不可或缺的作用，所有这些对于有效的感觉运动控制都至关重要。这种控制模型可以解释解剖学，生理学和行为学观察，包括视觉皮层中的运动信号，感觉受体的异质动力学，人类皮层中巨细胞的存在以及神经系统中的内部反馈模式和无法解释的异质性。
Animals move smoothly and reliably in unpredictable environments. Models of sensorimotor control, drawing on control theory, have assumed that sensory information from the environment leads to actions, which then act back on the environment, creating a single, unidirectional perception–action loop. However, the sensorimotor loop contains internal delays in sensory and motor pathways, which can lead to unstable control. We show here that these delays can be compensated by internal feedback signals that flow backward, from motor toward sensory areas. This internal feedback is ubiquitous in neural sensorimotor systems, and we show how internal feedback compensates internal delays. This is accomplished by filtering out self-generated and other predictable changes so that unpredicted, actionable information can be rapidly transmitted toward action by the fastest components, effectively compressing the sensory input to more efficiently use feedforward pathways: Tracts of fast, giant neurons necessarily convey less accurate signals than tracts with many smaller neurons, but they are crucial for fast and accurate behavior. We use a mathematically tractable control model to show that internal feedback has an indispensable role in achieving state estimation, localization of function (how different parts of the cortex control different parts of the body), and attention, all of which are crucial for effective sensorimotor control. This control model can explain anatomical, physiological, and behavioral observations, including motor signals in the visual cortex, heterogeneous kinetics of sensory receptors, and the presence of giant cells in the cortex of humans as well as internal feedback patterns and unexplained heterogeneity in neural systems.